1. Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures

2. MATTER Elements Compounds Mixtures
Matter can be split into three different groups:
Elements
Compounds
Mixtures
Matter is :
Anything that has MASS and VOLUME

3. ELEMENT
Definition: A pure substance that is made of only a single type of atom.
Examples: Gold, Iron, Aluminum, Oxygen
SEPARATING ELEMENTS: Cannot be broken apart under normal lab conditions. (heating, exposure to acids, exposure to electricity)

4. COMPOUND
Definition: A single molecule of two or more ELEMENTS in fixed amounts. Properties are different than the elements that make it.
Examples: Salt, Sugar, Vinegar, Glass, Water
SEPARATING COMPOUNDS: Takes a HUGE amount of energy. Needs to be done chemically.

5. Molecule
Definition: smallest piece of a compound that maintains its properties.

6. MIXTURE Definition: Combination of:
two or more elements OR
two or more compounds OR
elements and compounds
***individual ingredients KEEP THEIR PROPERTIES
***mixtures are NOT pure substances
SEPARATING MIXTURES: Easily separated physically (evaporation, strainer, pick out pieces, etc.)
Properties of a mixture VARY. (different throughout)

8. Which is a mixture? Which is a compound?
TRY IT OUT
Which is a mixture? Which is a compound?
Salad
Soil
Water (H2O)
Salt and pepper
Oxygen
Ocean Water
Air
Vinegar and oil

9. Two types of MIXTURES Heterogeneous Unevenly mixed
Does not appear to be the same throughout
Most mixtures are heterogeneous
EXAMPLES: Sand, Trail Mix, Salad Dressing
Homogeneous
Evenly mixed
Appears to be the same throughout
EXAMPLES: Saltwater, Syrup

10. Homogeneous vs. Heterogeneous

12. mixture of compounds MC
mixture of elements ME
element E
mixture of elements/compounds MEC
mixture of compounds MC
compound C
element E
mixture of elements/compounds MEC
mixture of compounds MC
compound C

13. vinegar
silicon dioxide (glass)
baking soda
sodium chloride (table salt)

14. The Big Idea
The Big Idea: atoms (elements) molecules (compounds) group together (in different combinations) to form mixtures
Combine to form

15. Types of Mixtures
Solutions
Suspensions
Colloids

16. Solutions
A solution is a mixture in which particles are spread evenly throughout and appears to be a single substance
A solution is not a chemical change
The particles are so small they never settle out; they cannot be filtered out
Solutions are HOMOGENEOUS.

17. Solutions (continued)
Solute: A substance whose particles are dissolved in a solution.
Solvent: A substance in which a solute dissolves. Largest amount in a solution.
Water is the universal solvent.
Examples: Saltwater, Apple Juice

18. Solute & Solvent

19. Which is Which? TRY IT OUT Identify the solvent, solute, and solution
Lemon juice + water + sugar= lemonade
Carbon dioxide + water + syrup = soda
Water + salt = salt water

20. Types of Solutions Gas in Gas (air / oxygen in nitrogen)
No notes here- just listen!!!
Gas in Gas (air / oxygen in nitrogen)
Gas in Liquid (soda)
Liquid in Liquid (antifreeze / alcohol in water)
Solid in Liquid (salt water)
Solid in Solid (brass / zinc in copper)

21. Heating: causes particles to move out more quickly
How to Dissolve Faster
No notes here- just listen!!!
Mixing: by stirring or shaking causes the particles to move out more quickly
Heating: causes particles to move out more quickly
Crushing: increases the amount of surface area the solute has with the solvent

22. Suspensions
A mixture in which the particles are evenly dispersed and are large enough to settle
Can be separated by passing it through a filter
Suspensions are HETEROGENEOUS.
Examples: paints; salad dressings; medicines; muddy water; dusty air; snow globe

23. Colloids
A mixture in which the particles are not dissolved, but dispersed throughout and not large enough to settle out or to be filtered out
Colloids have properties of both suspensions and solutions
Examples: milk; mayonnaise; stick deodorant; gelatin; whipped cream

24. ECM Station Activity You will travel to different stations today.
At each station, there is a substance.
For each station:
Table #
Identify object (what is it?)
E,C,M (element, compound, mixture?)
WHY? (what property/characteristic makes it an E,C, or M?