1. Employment in the Greater Boston Labor Market: A Volatile Decade Robert Clifford, Policy Analyst New England Public Policy Center Federal Reserve Bank of Boston CONNECT Symposium: From Poverty to Economic Resilience January 19, 2012 *The views expressed in this presentation are mine and not necessarily those of the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston or Federal Reserve System

2. Sources: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statics State Economic Activity Indexes Employment in Great Boston has declined over the past decade…

3. Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics Employment Growth by Supersector Percent Change, 2000–2010

4. Source: U.S. Census Bureau 2008-2010 American Community Survey Note: Individuals classified with low skill are those who have not obtained any post-secondary education and have a high school degree or less. Middle-skill employees are those that have attended some college or received an associates degree. High-skill workers are those employees that have obtained a bachelor's degree or more. Educational Attainment of Employees by Super Sector in Greater Boston

5. While employment has declined, educational attainment of workers has increased... Source: U.S. Census Bureau 2000 Decennial Census and 2008-2010 American Community Survey Note: Individuals classified with low skill are those who have not obtained any post-secondary education and have a high school degree or less. High-skill workers are those employees that have obtained a bachelor's degree or more. Employment Changes by Educational Attainment Groups in Greater Boston Percent Change, 2000 to 2010

6. Table 3. Occupational Distribution across Super Sectors in Greater Boston, 2008-2010 Largest Smallest Occupation Education & health services Professional & business services Trade, transportation, & utilities Financial activities Manu.Leisure &hospitality ConstructionOther Industries TotalDistribution Smallest Largest Management 19.4%20.2%6.9%16.0%12.2%6.6%6.0%12.7% 191,48912.8% Office and Administrative Support 22.9%15.1%22.9%14.3%6.3%3.5%2.0%12.8% 186,02012.4% Sales & Related 2.0%6.0%58.5%17.6%5.1%4.7%0.4%5.7% 146,7459.8% Business & Financial Operations 8.9%30.5%8.6%32.2%7.1%1.2% 10.1% 109,4837.3% Education, Training, & Library 93.7%1.2%0.4%0.2% 1.1%0.0%3.2% 103,4506.9% Healthcare Practitioners &Technical 89.5%3.3%4.1%0.5%0.6%0.1%0.0%2.0% 98,6626.6% Computer & Mathematical 11.9%48.0%5.3%12.5%11.6%0.4%0.2%10.1% 76,5925.1% Food Preparation and Serving Related 10.6%0.4%3.8%0.3%0.9%82.4%0.0%1.7% 63,7914.3% Construction and Extraction 1.8%2.2%3.5%1.3%2.1%0.5%85.5%3.1% 59,5054.0% Transportation and Material Moving 4.0%5.7%66.2%2.1%6.4%4.8%3.6%7.2% 51,4473.4% Building and Grounds Cleaning & Maintenance 19.7%44.3%4.3%3.7%1.9%10.3%0.7%15.2% 51,2193.4% Production 3.4%5.5%12.1%1.6%61.6%2.5%2.1%11.2% 45,8013.1% Personal Care and Service 36.0%1.8%7.2%0.2%0.1%15.0%0.0%39.8% 44,9113.0% Life, Physical, and Social Science 41.0%36.7%0.8%1.5%14.0%1.1%0.1%4.8% 41,8932.8% Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports, and Media 11.2%27.8%6.5%2.1%6.2%16.1%0.4%29.7% 39,2202.6% Architecture and Engineering 2.8%42.3%4.9%0.5%37.0%0.7%4.0%7.8% 38,9612.6% Installation, Maintenance, and Repair 5.6%7.3%25.7%6.0%10.7%1.9%8.9%34.0% 33,6602.2% Healthcare Support 88.0%2.1%1.4%0.3%0.0%0.9%0.0%7.3% 26,6261.8% Other 21.7%31.9%1.7%2.8%1.2%2.0%0.1%39.8% 90,6166.0% Industry Totals 26.1%17.0%15.0%9.3%8.1%7.1%5.1%12.3% 1,500,091 Source: 2008-2010 American Community Survey

7. Source: U.S. Census Bureau 2008-2010 American Community Survey Note: Individuals classified with low skill are those who have not obtained any post-secondary education and have a high school degree or less. Middle-skill employees are those that have attended some college or received an associates degree. High-skill workers are those employees that have obtained a bachelor's degree or more. Greater Boston Educational Attainment of Employees in Seven Largest Occupations, 2008-2010

8. Employment opportunities are more abundant for those with post-secondary education... Source: Educational Attainment data are for the pre-recession period are from 2005-2007 American Community Survey, with recovery period data from the 2008-2010 American Community Survey. Occupational vacancy rates are from the Massachusetts Job Vacancy Survey, with Q4 2007 representing Pre- recession vacancy rates and Q4 2010 representing recovery vacancy rates.

9. Visit www.bos.frb.org for updates on the New England andwww.bos.frb.org U.S. economies – New England Economic Indicators (statistical information on the New England economy updated continually) – New England Economic Snapshot (brief analysis of recent economic indicators – Profile of New England (data and brief analysis on important long- term economic and demographic trends in the New England states) – Beige Book (anecdotal information updated every six weeks or so) – “News and Events” tab (speeches by Boston Fed president) – New England Public Policy Center “Assistance Provided” (economic updates by Boston Fed economists) Sources of Further Information