2. cc spectroscopy at elle S.L.Olsen Hawaii QWG 2004 Worksop IHEP Beijing _

3. B-factory bonuses: new insights/puzzles about charmonium c’c’ X(3872) M(K s K  ) B  K K s  B  K  +  - J/  M(  +  - J/  cc cc  c0 J/  recoil mass e + e -  J/  cc ?? ‘ B  K  J/  M(  J/  ??

4. b  ccs is a dominant process b c c s V cb cos  C J/ ,  ’,  c,  c1,… Brs~10 -2 (inclusive) CKM favored W-W- B mesons are a good source for charmonium and other cc states

5. >900pb -1 /day (~1M BBs/day) 1.2x10 34 /cm 2 /s KEKB is a good source of Bs

7. Kinematic variables for the  (4S) CM energy difference: Beam-constrained mass:  B  K  c B  K  c B   B ϒ (4S) E cm /2 ee ee KSKKSK KSKKSK M bc EE

8. 1 st Observation of the  c ‘

9. B  K (K S K ±  Ŧ ) M bc for 40 MeV M(K S K  ) slices 3000 MeV 3640 MeV B  K  c B  K  c ’ 42fb -1 KSKKSK KSKKSK

10. Fit each bin N evt = 45.3 ± 12.6 M  c ’ = 3653 ± 10 MeV   c ’ = 33 ± 22 MeV N evt = 90.5 ± 14.9 M  c = 2978 ± 5MeV   c = 33 ± 16 MeV M(K S K  ) M bc EE c:c: c’:c’: 3.55 GeV 3.60 GeV 3.65 GeV 3.70 GeV 3.75 GeV … … S.K. Choi et al PRL 91, 102001

11. Subsequent measurements confirm higher mass value   K S K  e  e   J/  X MxMx BaBar (preliminary) 3630 MeV 3642 MeV 3633 MeV CLEO hep-ex/0306060 elle cc cc ‘

12.  c ’: current status M avg =3637±4 MeV (Crystal Ball excluded)

13.  M(1S) = M J/  – M  c =117±1 MeV  M(2S) = 49 ± 4 MeV gets smaller

14. The X(3872) with 253 fb -1

15. B ±  K ±  +  - J/  N ev = 48.6 ± 7.8 M = 3872.4 ± 0.7 MeV

16. Now M(      is really  -like

17. X(3872) Mass D + D* - threshold

18. Look at B  K       J/ 

19.  M(       ) M(J/        ) B  K  J/  X  J/         B  K X(3872);

20. 1: look at B  K  J/  Dalitz Plot M  M bc E E M 2 (J/   ) M 2 (K  ) B  K* J/  KK cut here

21. Slice into 40 MeV-wide M(  J/  ) bins Large deviation from phase-space Fit

22. Slice into 40 MeV-wide M(  J/  ) bins Adding a BW helps Fit M≈3940 ± 11 MeV  ≈ 92 ± 24 MeV

23. M(K  ) for the signal region M(K  ) (GeV) 3880 <M(  J/  )<3900 MeV No peaking In M(K  )

24. Look back at the       masses 76  ’ s 28  ’ s Very clear  signal 20  ’ s 26  ’ s

25. What is it? Charmonium? –Conventional wisdom:  J/  should not be a discovery mode for a cc state with mass above DD & DD* threshold! Some kind of  -J/  threshold interaction? –the J/  is not surrounded by brown muck; can it act like an ordinary hadron? cc-gluon hybrid? –Predicted by lattice QCD, including states with large hadron+cc widths, but predicted masses are ~ 4.4 GeV J/  

26. Next: B ±  K ± X(3872)         J/  M(       ) M(J/        ) B  K X(3872)  J/        look along here

27. M(3  J/  ) = M X(3872) ± 16.5 MeV (±3  ) Look at 25 MeV-wide M(       ) mass bins EE M bc

28. B-meson yields vs M(       ) 12.4 ± 4.2 evts

29. “Sidebands” B  K  J/  Non-resonant or “peaking bkgd sidebands Overlap region

30. Cross-talk from B  K  J/  enhancement?  f dm = 0.75 ±0.14 evts Check : signal yield for M(3  J/  )= M X(3872) +1  –3  (no overlap with  band) 12.4 evts  11.5 evts (expect 11.0 for no X-talk)

31. Other sidebands (no significant signals) 4.3 ±6.2 evts 6.4 ± 5.6 evts Area of I and III each = 4x Area o signal bin Non-res bkd in signal bin = 1.3 ± 1.0 evts

32. Branching fraction Br(X        J/  ) Br(X      J/  ) N ev (       J/  )  ( 2  J/  ) N ev (     J/  )  ( 3  J/  ) = 0.188 0.036 13.1 ± 4.2 62.6 ± 8.3 = 1.1 ± 0.4 (stat) ± 0.3 (syst) Accept:ance: 10% Xtalk/Bkgnd: -20% X        J/  : +25% M(3  )<750 MeV significance ≈ 4 

33. Consistent with sub-threshold X(3872)   J/  M  + M J/  = 3879 MeV (7 MeV above 3872) –X   J/  occur via virtual  ’s, 3  masses cluster at the kinematic limit.  (X   J/  )/  (X      J/  ) = 1.1 ±0.4± 0.3 In agreement with Swanson’s DD* bound-state model for the X(3872) [PLB 588,189 (2004)] Smoking gun for qqqq interpretation of X(3872)? -

34. update continuum e + e -  J/  (cc) with 287 fb -1

35. L=101 fb -1 2002 L=155 fb -1 2003 287 fb -1 cc  c0 ‘ cc 4 th peak!! non-zero continuum below DD threshold   J/  J/  negligible confirm  c ’ e + e -  J/  (cc) > e + e -  J/  glue  (e+e-  J/   c ) > 10x theory evidence for  c ’ 2004 -

36. What is the 4 th peak? the reconstruction and selection procedure is the same as before Extend the fit region no signal of X(3872) significant (>4  ) peak at M=3940  11 MeV N=148  33 (4.5  ) the width is consistent w/ resolution (= 32 MeV) X(3872) cc cc  c0 cc ‘ ‘ What is it?  c0 ?  c ?? ‘ “

37. Look at e + e -  J/  D(D ( * ) ) Reconstruct a J/  & a D use D 0  K -  + & D +  K -  +  + Determine recoil mass

38. Look at M(DD ( * ) ) DD* DD 3940 MeV 9.9 ± 3.3 evts (4.5  ) 4.1 ± 2.2 evts (2.1  )  c0  DD* ‘  c  DD “

39. What is this one? Too narrow to be the same as the  J/  peak at 3940 MeV  c0 or  c most likely charmonium states –DD* signal rules against  c0 –Mass is a little low for  c  M(3S) would be ≈ 100MeV can  M(3S) >  M(2S) ‘“ “ ‘

40. Summary  c ’ established  M(2S)<  M(1S)  (X (3872)        J/  =  (X (3872)       J/  ) –Good for molecules; bad for charmonium Broad near-threshold  J/  peak –too broad for charmonium –Too light for cc-glue hybrid? –theshold interaction involving a J/  ? 4 th peak seen in e + e -  J/  X –Evidence for it in DD* (rules out  c0 ’ ) –If it is the  c ”,  M(3S) >  M(2S)

41. B-factory data 3 D 2 ?? h c ?? e + e -  J/  “X”(3940) “Y”(3940)   J/  X(3872)   +  -  0 J/ 

42. M(K3  ) for signal bin Events at M(3  )=775 MeV Kinematic limit would peak here