1. Risk vs. Budget 15-Passenger Vans David Moe Module 2 Challenge COED 6150_1002 09-27-2014

2. Introduction Team travel St. Michael University (SMU) 15-passenger vans Vans used for trips 3 hours and under Cost effective

3. Explanation of Risk From 1982 through 2008, there have been 724 fatal rollovers of 15-passenger vans 1,153 people have been killed An additional 1,957 injured 13% chance of losing your life in a rollover 75.6% of the occupants killed in fatal single vehicle crashes were not restrained

4. The Facts Common rules of the road 1/3 of fatal accidents involving vans were rollover 1,512 fatal accidents with 15-passenger vehicles between 1994 and 2004, 515 involved rollovers Three times more likely to rollover when loaded with more than 10 passengers

5. The Facts Difficult to control Fewer than 10 passengers: 12.7% may rollover 10+ passengers: 35.4% may rollover 16+ passengers: 70% may rollover

6. Current Policy 3 step policy Identification of license Request use of vehicle Lack of direction

7. Current Procedure 10 question written test 12 players and 2 coaches in a 15-passenger van Raised center of gravity Unsafe driving conditions

8. Potential Risks 90% of rollovers occur after a driver has lost control of the vehicle The van goes off a rural road The driver is fatigued The driver overcorrects the steering as a panic reaction

9. Potential Risks A coach’s schedule Driver fatigue accounts for 30% of road crashes Consequences of accidents attributed to driver fatigue are often the most serious in terms of death Fatigue increases risk of crash

10. New Policy New 11 Step Policy More responsibility on the driver No more than 10 when traveling off campus No luggage on roof No pull behind trailer Proper amount of sleep

11. New Procedure 6 hours of class time An exhaustive written test A physical driving test A team driver Faculty/staff, parent, friend, etc.

12. New Procedure: Costs Cost of travel $.30 per mile traveled 2 vans to safely transport team Hotel rooms to stay overnight (if coach drives) Is saving a few dollars worth risking lives?

13. Additional Responsibilities Check tire pressure Ensure restraints are utilized 74% had significantly mis-inflated tires 61% of the occupants killed were ejected from the van Proper restraining greatly reduces the chances of ejection The rate of ejection for unrestrained occupants is 72% The rate of ejection for restrained occupants is 18%

14. Conclusion Buses vs 15-passenger vans One passenger fatality for every 500 million miles traveled by buses in the United States Eight times less likely to be injured or killed in a properly equipped bus than in an average passenger vehicle “The more people die, the more people get the picture”

15. References Anderson, B. (2007, May). 5 Myths about Buses and Vans. Retrieved from http://inventory.midwesttransit.com/5-myths-about-buses-and-vans/http://inventory.midwesttransit.com/5-myths-about-buses-and-vans/ DOT (2004, May). Analysis of Crashes Involving 15-Passenger Vans. Retrieved from http://www-nrd.nhtsa.dot.gov/Pubs/809735.pdfhttp://www-nrd.nhtsa.dot.gov/Pubs/809735.pdf Guide One Insurance, (2012, October 23). Guide One Center for Risk Management Fact Sheet: 15-Passenger Vans Pose Safety Risk. Retrieved from https://www.guideone.com/safetyresources/Shared/fs_15passenger02.pdf https://www.guideone.com/safetyresources/Shared/fs_15passenger02.pdf Lazarus, J., Phillip, (2003). Special Safety Concerns for Those Using 15-Passenger Vans. Retrieved from https://www.virtusonline.org/virtus/newsletter.cfm?newsletter_id=34 https://www.virtusonline.org/virtus/newsletter.cfm?newsletter_id=34 Mayville State University, (2012, August 2). Mayville State University Policy Manual. Retrieved from file:///C:/Users/david.moe/Downloads/University_Policy_Manual.pdf file:///C:/Users/david.moe/Downloads/University_Policy_Manual.pdf NHTSA, (n.d.). Reducing the Risk of Rollover Crashers in 15-Passenger Vans Retrieved from http://www.mississippi.edu/rm/downloads/safety_resources/rollover_vans.pdf http://www.mississippi.edu/rm/downloads/safety_resources/rollover_vans.pdf Ohio University, (2010, October 7). 15 15 Passenger Van Policy. Retrieved from http://www.ohio.edu/transportation/15van-policies.cfmhttp://www.ohio.edu/transportation/15van-policies.cfm Parker,. & Waichman. (2010). 15 Passenger Vans Accidents. Retrieved from http://www.yourlawyer.com/topics/overview/15-passenger-van- rollover-lawyer-attorney-lawsuithttp://www.yourlawyer.com/topics/overview/15-passenger-van- rollover-lawyer-attorney-lawsuit Pearson, K., & Muckenfuss, M., (2010, August 15) “Many factors affect safety of team travel,” The Press Enterprise. Retrieved From http://www.pe.com/articles/vans-616224-passenger-bus.html?page=1 http://www.pe.com/articles/vans-616224-passenger-bus.html?page=1 Tucker, A. (2013, July 31). Driver Fatigue: Symptoms, Cause and Effects. Retrieved from http://www.optalert.com/news/driver-fatigue-symptoms- cause-and-effectshttp://www.optalert.com/news/driver-fatigue-symptoms- cause-and-effects