1. Physiology, Health & Exercise Lesson 6 zRisk and Incidence of Cardiovascular Disease

2. 2 What is risk? zThe probability of some unwanted event or outcome occurring. 1.Collect an envelope with a set of events. 2. Put the events into order from the most likely to the least likely to cause death 3.Connect the chances of the event to the event i.e. out of 100,000 people how many would die from each event?

3. 3 What is risk- how did you do? zThe answers would obviously be different if e.g. constantly running over railways lines, cross roads in a risky manner or smoke cigarettes. zNormally it is the perception of risk which drives people’s behaviour

4. 4 What is risk? ze.g. in the UK it became compulsory for children in the back of cars to wear seat belts in 1991. zHowever- the number of children killed & injured in car accidents increased after the new law came into effect. zWhy? zDid drivers perceive a reduced risk for children so they drove less safely?

5. 5 What is risk? zThere is a tendency for people to over- estimate the risk of sudden imposed dangers when the consequences are severe zAnd under-estimate a risk if it has long term effects even if they are severe

6. 6 What is the risk? In 2004 worldwide- z1 human heart attack every 4 seconds z1 stroke every 5 seconds In UK the risk of za heart attack in any year is 1 in 440 za fatal stroke in any year is 1 in 900

7. 7 What is the risk? zBUT these are whole population figures- does everyone in the population have the same chance of getting CVD? zWhat are the risk factors for CVD?

8. 8 Risk factors for CVD zIssue envelopes with tasks- presentations to be given on 28 th February2008. zAll the envelopes are different so you will be providing others with opportunities for making their own notes for this section.

9. 9 Incidence of CHD in UK and other countries zIs the prevalence of CHD the same all over the world? zBased on 2002 data. zPut the countries into rank order for their rate of CHD- highest to lowest.

10. 10 Incidence of CHD in UK and other countries Why these patterns? zDiet low in saturated fats compared to meat intensive e.g. Japan zLow smoking rates zActive lifestyles zCHD generally associated with affluence- but is now affecting people in developing countries – why? zLifespan- if the population lives longer then there is a higher prevalence of CHD

11. 11 Incidence of CHD in UK and other countries zComplete the “Coronary Heart Disease” data handling activity