1. Structure of the Earth

2. What makes up the earth? Atmosphere- the air that surrounds the earth. Atmosphere- the air that surrounds the earth. Lithosphere- the earth’s crust Lithosphere- the earth’s crust Hydrosphere- All bodies of water. Hydrosphere- All bodies of water. - (oceans, rivers, lakes, seas)

3. Earth’s structure Crust Crust Mantle Mantle Outer Core Outer Core Inner Core Inner Core Page 38 in your book. Page 38 in your book.

4. Internal Forces Folds- bends in layers of rock Folds- bends in layers of rock Faults- occur when the folded land cannot be bent any further Faults- occur when the folded land cannot be bent any further Lead to earthquakes, Mountains, Volcanoes Lead to earthquakes, Mountains, Volcanoes Page 40 and 41 in your book Page 40 and 41 in your book

5. What Happens When Plates Meet?

6. Converging (Collision) Zone They collide and push slowly against each other and form a collision or converging zone. If 2 oceanic plates collide, 1 slides under the other. Islands often form this way. If 2 continental plates collide, mountains are formed. Example: Himalayas

7. Continental Crush (Collide)

8. SPREADING ZONE Plates pull away from each other and form a spreading zone. These areas are likely to have earthquakes, volcanoes, and rift valleys (a large split along the crest of a mountain).

10. They meet, or CONVERGE and form a subduction zone. *If an oceanic plate collides with a continental plate, the heavier oceanic plate will slide under the lighter, continental plate. This results in volcanic mountain building and earthquakes.

11. Subduction

12. External Forces Weathering- Chemical and physical Weathering- Chemical and physical Chemical- (acid rain) Chemical- (acid rain) Physical Physical erosion; the wearing away of the earth’s surface erosion; the wearing away of the earth’s surface glaciers- large bodies of ice that move across the earth’s surface glaciers- large bodies of ice that move across the earth’s surface Page 42 to 43 in your book. Page 42 to 43 in your book.

13. What makes up Earth’s features? Landforms- natural features of the earth’s surface Landforms- natural features of the earth’s surface Water features- 70% of the earth’s surface is water. Water features- 70% of the earth’s surface is water. 97% of the earth’s water is salty 97% of the earth’s water is salty 2% locked in glaciers and icecaps 2% locked in glaciers and icecaps 0.5% available for drinking 0.5% available for drinking

14. What are Natural Resources? Elements from the earth not made by people but used by them Elements from the earth not made by people but used by them Renewable resources- resources that are able to replace themselves naturally. Renewable resources- resources that are able to replace themselves naturally. Forests and animal life Forests and animal life Non-renewable resources- resources that can never be replaced. Non-renewable resources- resources that can never be replaced. Most minerals and fossil fuels Most minerals and fossil fuels

15. Distribution of resources Imports- Resources or goods brought into one country from another. Imports- Resources or goods brought into one country from another. Exports- Resources or goods sent from one country to another. Exports- Resources or goods sent from one country to another.

16. Label the following terms on your map. Make sure you label the Pre Label Map Tropic of CapricornNorth Hemisphere Tropic of CancerSouth Hemisphere Prime MeridianEast Hemisphere EquatorWest Hemisphere Arctic Circle7 Continents Antarctic Circle4 Oceans