1. Jentry Skinner and and Kylee Anderson Kylee Anderson

2. The Eight Millennial Development Goals

3. Marshall IslandsKazakhstan

4. 1.“Halve, between 1990 and 2015, the proportion of people whose income is less than $1.25 a day” 2.“Achieve full and productive employment and decent work for all, including women and young people” 3.“Halve, between 1990 and 2015, the proportion of people who suffer from hunger” ~www.un.org

5.  Even though poverty rates were cut in half, 1.2 billion people still live below the poverty line.  About 700 million fewer people lived in conditions of extreme poverty in 2010 than in 1990.  The economic and financial crisis has widened the global jobs gap by 67 million people.  1 in 8 people worldwide still go to bed with an empty stomach.  Almost 1 in 6 children age 5 and under are under their expected weight. 1 in every 4 of those children have their growth restrained because of this.

6. Kazakhstan GDP per capita is 12,006.59 USD Marshall Islands GDP per capita is 3,556.3 USD The Kazakhstan has a higher GDP which means they produce more and the country is in less poverty than the Marshall Islands. Kazakhstan achieved target 1 and 2 in 2004 and 2007. Although poverty is still a serious issue in some rural areas. The Marshall Islands have not achieved theses goals, but they have less underweight children than before though it is still high.

7.  Unless something changes the world is not set to meet the goal of universal primary education, too many children are still not receiving the primary education required.  The number of primary school drop outs went from 102 million in 2000, to 57 million in 2011.  Over half of those primary school drop outs are in sub-Saharan Africa.  World wide 123 million youth ranging from age 5-24 are lacking in basic writing and reading abilities.  Over 61% of the illiterate youth are female. “Ensure that, by 2015, children everywhere, boys and girls alike, will be able to complete a full course of primary schooling” ~www.un.org

8. KAZAKHSTAN MARSHALL ISLANDS Literacy rate of 99.7% Literacy rate of 94% The literacy rate is higher in Kazakhstan which shows they have a higher rate of those receiving a primary education. As of 2007 Kazakhstan has reached the target for goal #2. The Marshall Island’s literacy rate has gone up and there are more people remaining in school so they should be able to reach this goal by 2015 if they maintain this progress.

9. “Eliminate gender disparity in primary and secondary education, preferably by 2005, and in all levels of education no later than 2015.” ~www.un.org  The Gender equality goal is only being achieved in 2 out of 130 countries at all levels but is almost fully achieved at the primary level in all countries.  Gender parity is closest to being achieved at the primary level; however, only 2 out of 130 countries have achieved that target at all levels of education.  World wide 40 out of 100 non-farming jobs are held by women.  As of 2013 the average woman to man ratio in government globally was 20% women to 80% men.

10. KAZAKHSTANMARSHALL ISLANDS Rating of 2Rating of 3 CPIA gender equality rating goes from one, being low, to six, being high. The Marshall Islands have a higher rating, meaning there is more gender equality there. The initial target for goal threee has been reached by Kazakhstan but since the differences between men and women are still a big deal there they have created a new target. In the Marshall Islands, gender parity has been achieved but they are still working on getting more women involved in economics and being represented in parliament, they still have a little bit of work to reach this goal.

11.  Great advancements in child survival rate have been achieved but in order to meet the goal the efforts would have to be doubled.  The completion of this goal would mean only 31 of every 1000 children under five would die as apposed to 93 out of every 1000. “Reduce by two thirds, between 1990 and 2015, the under-five mortality rate” ~www.un.org

12. KAZAKHSTAN MARSHALL ISLANDS 19 per 1,000 children under the age of five died from 2009 to 2013 38 per 1,000 children under the age of five died from 2009 to 2013 Kazakhstan has a lower child mortality rate by nineteen children per 1,000, therefore they have more children surviving and becoming adults. Kazakhstan is behind on achieving these goals and will need to work hard to meet the target. The Marshall Islands are on track with getting their child mortality being reduced by two-thirds, their infant mortality has decreases, and their immunizations has increased.

13.  The Maternal mortality rate has halved since 1990, yet it is still short of the millennial development goal.  Improving maternal health includes reducing the maternal mortality ratio and having access to reproductive health.  With there being a lack of funding in family planning creates a major failure in improving women’s reproductive health.  Maternal mortality has decreased by two-thirds in Eastern Asia, Northern Africa, and Southern Asia.  140,000,000 women who are married or in a union say they want to delay or avoid pregnancy yet they are not using contraceptives. “Reduce by three quarters the maternal mortality ratio. Achieve universal access to reproductive health.” ~www.un.org

14. KAZAKHSTAN MARSHALL ISLANDS 51 deaths per 1000 live births. 140 deaths per 1000 live births. Kazakhstan has less than half the maternal mortalities as the Marshall Islands have. A mother in Kazakhstan would have a better chance of surviving child birth than those of the Marshall Islands. Kazakhstan has not met their MDG of 14 per 1000 live births. The Marshall Islands are on track to achieving the goal to reduce mother’s deaths during child labor by three-fourths, but they still have low contraceptive use and high teen pregnancies.

15.  230,000 fewer children were infected with HIV under the age of fifteen in 2011 than in 2001.  At the end of 2011, 8,000,000 people were receiving therapy for HIV.  1.1 million deaths caused by malaria have been averted from 2000 to 2010.  Tuberculosis treatments have saved over 20,000,000 lives from 1995 to 2011. “Have halted by 2015 and begun to reverse the spread of HIV/AIDS. Achieve, by 2010, universal access to treatment for HIV/AIDS for all those who need it. Have halted by 2015 and begun to reverse the incidence of malaria and other major diseases.” ~www.un.org

16. KAZAKHSTAN MARSHALL ISLANDS  From 1980 to 2011 there has been 13,784 recorded HIV cases.  They have an HIV incident rate of.15%.  From 1980 to 2011 there has been a total of 25 HIV cases recorded.  They have an HIV incident rate of.0019%. The Marshall Islands does not have nearly as many HIV cases as Kazakhstan, partially due to population, but their HIV incident rate is significantly smaller than Kazakhstan as well. Kazakhstan has not met this goal and will need to work hard to achieve it. The Marshall Islands are far from meeting their goal with high HIV risk factors, low knowledge of HIV and AIDS, and their TB cases has actually increased.

17.  Forests are disappearing at high rates and the global greenhouse gas emissions are increasing.  There has been a 46% increase of carbon dioxide since 1990.  Marine fish stock have been overexploited.  Species risking extinction even though there are protected areas.  Since 1990, there has been an increase in those who have access to improved water sources and sanitation facilities. “Integrate the principles of sustainable development into country policies and programs and reverse the loss of environmental resources. Reduce biodiversity loss, achieving, by 2010, a significant reduction in the rate of loss. Halve, by 2015, the proportion of the population without sustainable access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation. Achieve, by 2020, a significant improvement in the lives of at least 100 million slum dwellers.” ~www.un.org

18. KAZAKHSTAN MARSHALL ISLANDS  A 1.15% change in proportion of the population using improved drinking water sources. Since 1990.  A 0% change in proportion of the population using improved sanitation facilities since 1990.  A 9.38% change in proportion of the population using improved drinking water sources. Since 1990.  A 10.81% change in proportion of the population using improved sanitation facilities since 1990. Marshall Islands has done better overall with having a sustainable environment. They have improved in water sources, sanitary facilities, forest areas, and protected places, but they are still far from achieving this goal because they still need a better quality of drinking water and sanitation.

19.  There is less financial aid overall. With there being less money, the poorest countries are affected the most.  Aid that is given to the developing countries from the developed countries has to be used how the donor decides.

20. KAZAKHSTAN MARSHALL ISLANDS  Internet users per 100 people: 34  Telephone lines and cellular subscribers per 100 people: 34.14  Internet users per 100 people: 3.55  Telephone lines and cellular subscribers per 100 people: 9.38 As the statistics show, Kazakhstan is more advanced in their individual technology than the Marshall Islands are and they do not have access to data of very much of their technology usage.

21. Kazakhstan: 5 Marshall Islands: 3 This is the ultimate score on which country “won” more goals, the country that did better within the goal had their flag on that slide and “won” and this is the total of their flags.

22. Kazakhstan: As you know from the previous slides, Kazakhstan has met goals 1 and 2. They met goal 3 and then revised it and are working towards that. For Goals 4 through 8 they still need improvement and will have to do some work in order to complete on time. Marshall Islands: The Marshall Islands are on track with goals four and five in reducing child mortality and improving maternal health. By 2015, they will have to work very hard to reach goals one, two, three, six, and seven which include extreme poverty and hunger, primary education, gender equality, diseases, and environmental stability. They are also behind in goal eight, global partnership, but there is very little access to data on this goal.

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