1. VIDEO- CONFERENCING

2. PREAMBLE Factors contributing to spurt growth of video-conferencing  Availability of high speed network  Advancement in technology  Availability of network bandwidth

3. WHAT IS VIDEO- CONFERENCING Video-conferencing is a two way conferencing amongst people present at geographically dispersed locations.

4. Video-conferencing can be of two types: 1.Point-to-point conference 2.Multipoint conference

5. MULTIPOINT VIDEO- CONFERENCING  Multipoint video-conferencing connects multiple sites at the same time to become part of same conference.  There are two modes of multi-point video-conferencing 1.Voice activated 2.Continuous presence

6. COMPONENTS OF VIDEO- CONFERENCING The basic components of video-conferencing are:  Codec  Camera  Control system  Display equipment  Audio system  Network

7. CODEC The various functions of codec are: Compression/decompression of audio and video signals Reduction of bandwidth Analog-to-digital and digital-to analog conversion.

8. CAMERA Camera is used for focussing,capturing and alignment of video signals. CONTROL SYSTEM It consists of a remote/control panel which controls video-conferencing operation like quality of audio and video, intensity and camera movement.

9. DISPLAY SYSTEM Computer monitors and large TV sets are used to display the local as well as remote audience. AUDIO SYSTEM Speakers as well as microphones are used for good audio quality.

10. NETWORK Different types of network used are as follows: Leased line ISDN VSAT

11. OPTIONAL COMPONENTS The components which enhance the functionality of video-conferencing are:  Document camera  Slide to video converter  Whiteboard cameras

12.  VCR  Electronic whiteboard  PC  Projector  Fax/printer

13. TYPES OF VIDEO- CONFERENCING Video-conferencing systems are evolved into three basic types:  Integrated systems  Desktop type  Portable units

14. REAL-TIME SYNCHRONICITY In order to have real-time experience, the following factors are important  Real-time synchronicity  Picture quality  Reliability  True duplex sound  Whisper sound  Vectoring

15. BENEFITS OF VIDEO- CONFERENCING The benefits of video-conferencing are  Reduction in travel costs  Speeds up decision making  Reduces wastage of time

16. APPLICATIONS OF VIDEO- CONFERENCING Some of the areas in which video- conferencing is currently being used are  Distance education and training  Business conferences and presentations  Remote problem solving

17.  Remote banking  Telemedicine  Marketing  Interview  Emergency communication during disaster

18. LIMITATIONS OF VIDEO- CONFERENCING  Video-conferencing fails to provide feel, warmth and touch that can be realized by face-to-face meeting.  It cannot be used in marketing of jewellery and fashion designing.

19. FUTURE TRENDS OF VIDEO-CONFERENCING The important future advancements in video-conferencing are:  LAN based video-conferencing  Video-conferencing over internet  Virtual classroom

20. VIDEO-CONFERENCING EVENTS HELD IN INDIA  Interaction with telgi over video- conferencing-August 2005  Ministry of commerce’s videoconferencing with Rome and Paris-18 th and 19 th may 2005  Address by Honorable President of India at 2 nd World Congress On Interventional Cardiology At Mumbai-25 th February 2005  Address by Hon’ble President of India during the Inauguration of PMI-Asia Pasific Conference 2005-15 th April 2005

21. CONCLUSION The video-conferencing market continues to grow each year with an improvement in both reliability and performance of both video systems and networks.

22. Reference www.help2engg.com