1. CARBOHYDRATES (MONOMERS) Monosaccharides are the monomers from which larger carbohydrates are made. Glucose, galactose and fructose are common monosaccharides. A condensation reaction between two monosaccharides forms a glycosidic bond. Disaccharides are formed by the condensation of two monosaccharides: maltose is a disaccharide formed by condensation of two glucose molecules sucrose is a disaccharide formed by condensation of a glucose molecule and a fructose molecule lactose is a disaccharide formed by condensation of a glucose molecule and a galactose molecule.

2. Mono-saccharrides and Di-saccharides  Quick recall test: 1-10 in back of notes Carbohydrates are a large group of molecules. They are named Saccharides. Task: Sort these Saccharides into whether you think they are monomers, dimers, or polymers Outcomes: -Define the terms monosaccharides and disaccharides -Give examples of mono- and disaccharides with chemical formula -Describe the reactions that form different disaccharides using word equations. -Use structural formula to show the reactions between monomers to form dimers.

3. StarchSucroseGlucose CelluloseMaltoseGalactose GlycogenLactoseFructose StarchSucroseGlucose CelluloseMaltoseGalactose GlycogenLactoseFructose

4. Forming disaccharides You cant make a polymer like starch by magic. You start with the monomers.  Glucose + Glucose → Maltose + Water  Glucose + Fructose → Sucrose + Water  Glucose + Galactose → Lactose + Water Q: Which are the monomers in these reactions? Q: Which are the dimers? Q: What kind of reaction is shown here? How can you tell? Outcomes: -Define the terms monosaccharides and disaccharides -Give examples of mono- and disaccharides with chemical formula -Describe the reactions that form different disaccharides using word equations. -Use structural formula to show the reactions between monomers to form dimers.

5. Structural Formula of α- glucose (monomer)  Chemical formula of glucose is: _________ Outcomes: -Define the terms monosaccharides and disaccharides -Give examples of mono- and disaccharides with chemical formula -Describe the reactions that form different disaccharides using word equations. -Use structural formula to show the reactions between monomers to form dimers.

6. Forming Maltose - Condensation When Maltose is made, the 2 glucose molecules react. This happens at the 1C and the 4C. A H and an OH are removed and the glucose molecules join. The bond they form is called the glycosidic bond. The H and OH removed make H 2 O. +H 2 O

7. Whiteboards - Plenary  Answer these questions 1 at a time on the whiteboards: 1. What does the term Saccharide mean? 2. Example of a monosaccharide, disaccharide, polysaccharide 3. What type of reaction joins 2 monosaccharides together to make a disaccharide? 4. Chemical formula of glucose 5. Word equations for formation of Maltose and fructose and lactose 6. What is a glycosidic bond? 7. Structural formula of α- glucose (numbered) 8. Add on to the diagram to show how maltose is formed.

8. Homework Due Friday  You have in your notes the structural formula of α-glucose and the structural formula showing the forming reaction to make maltose. 1. Draw the structural formula of fructose 2. Draw the structural formula of galactose 3. Draw the structural formula of the reaction between glucose and fructose to make sucrose (Show the condensation reaction happening and the glycosidic bond) 4. Draw the structural formula of the reaction between glucose and galactose to make sucrose (Show the condensation reaction happening and the glycosidic bond) 5. Draw the hydrolysis reaction of maltose back into 2 glucose units. Outcomes: -Define the terms monosaccharides and disaccharides -Give examples of mono- and disaccharides with chemical formula -Describe the reactions that form different disaccharides using word equations. -Use structural formula to show the reactions between monomers to form dimers.