1. The Ten Essentials Wilderness Travel Course

2. Introduction The Mountains are not out to get you. Deal with the real challenges, not perceived ones. No one intends to get into trouble. Over-confidence and in-attention cause accidents. It is rarely just One Thing that goes wrong.

3. If Lost – Don't Panic! Take 15 Minutes: –Observe –Think –Plan

4. Common Sense… Tools to avoid a bad situation Tools to make the best of an uncomfortable situation and a Few Tools That Can't be Improvised

5. The Ten Essentials: To Find Your Way: 1.Map of the Area 2.Compass 3.Flashlight For Emergencies: 7.Matches 8.Fire Starter 9.Knife 10.First Aid Kit For Your Protection: 4. Sunglasses & Sunscreen 5. Extra Food & Water 6. Extra Clothing

6. 1. Map Topographic maps are best Forest service maps and guidebooks are helpful Be aware of man-made changes

7. 2. Compass Oil filled See-thru base Light weight

8. 3. Flashlight/Headlamp Headlamps leave hands free L.E.D. = Long life, camp chores Brighter for night travel ≤ 50 lumins for camp chores 50-100 lumins for night trails ≥ 100 lumins for night X-country Have extra batteries or a 2 nd light

9. 4. Sunglasses and Sunscreen Sun is more damaging at altitude Glasses need side shields on snow SPF 15 or more, waterproof

10. 5. Extra Food … High calories No-cook food

11. … And Extra Water Containers Must Not Leak! Water treatment where surface water’s available

12. 6. Extra Clothing Wicking layer Insulating layer Shell pants & jacket –Waterproof required –Breathable is nice Shelter

13. 7. Fire Source Waterproof container Include striking surface At least two sources

14. 8. Fire Starter Must be Dry: –Candles –Kindling –Vaseline and cotton balls

15. 9. Knife Swiss Army is the standard Multi-tools are nice Not Too Big! Scissors are useful Can and bottle opener

16. 10. First Aid Kit Know how to use what you carry Take a Wilderness First Aid course

17. "Other Essentials" Toilet paper & Trowel Duct tape Shelter Signaling devices (whistle) Rope or cord

18. The New 10 Essentials System (Freedom of the Hills, 7th Edition) 1.Navigation Map Compass 2.Sun Protection Sunglasses and Sunscreen 3.Insulation (Extra Clothing) Extra Clothing 4.Illumination Headlamp/flashlight 5.First-aid Supplies First-aid Kit 6.Fire Matches Fire Starter 7.Repair Kit and Tools Knife 8.Nutrition Extra Food… 9.Hydration…Extra Water 10.Emergency Shelter Trash bag, mylar sack, bivy sack, tarp