1. VSF as a proxy for Particle Size Distribution Pauline Stephen

2. Particle Size Distribution Particles in natural waters Sizes 0.1 nm ~ 250 um N(D)dD = N 0 (D/D 0 )^-ξ N(D)dD = # of particles in a given diameter range dD N 0 = Number of particles at reference diameter D 0 ξ = Slope of the Junge distribution

3. Instruments to measure PSD –Coulter Counter –LISST

4. Coulter Counter Electrical Sensing Zone between electrodes Particles displaces volume proportional to its size Voltage change induced at constant current is measured Conc. of particles per unit volume

5. Dock Sampling 1.July 6 th 10:00 a.m. 2.July 7 th 10:00 a.m. 3.July 13 th 1:05 p.m. 4.July 15 th 1:00 p.m. 5.July 15 th 4:20 p.m.

6. Data Processing – July 6 th

7. July 7 th

8. July 13 th

9. July 15 th 1:00 p.m.

10. July 15 th 4:20 p.m.

11. Back-scattering Scattering of light in the backward direction VSF – Proportion of the incident light scattered from a unit volume Backscattering sensors measure the VSF

12. ECO-BB2F Combination spectral backscattering meter and Chlorophyll Fluorometer λ = 470, 700 ө = 117 Output from sensor is counts Counts are scaled to obtain VSF at 2 wavelengths VSF corrected for scattering due to water Particulate Backscattering b bp = 2*π* X * VSF

13. VSF and b bp Datebeta470_pbeta700_pbb470_pbb700_pbeta470/beta700xi July 6 10:00 a.m.0.00917340.0259250.0634020.179180.353843783.428 July 7 10:00 a.m.0.00781130.0210460.0539880.145460.3711536633.784 July 13 1:00 p.m.0.00676520.0182620.0467570.126220.3704523053.034 July 15 1:00 p.m.0.00364430.0106220.0251880.0734110.3430898143.32 July 15 4:20 p.m.0.00770810.0139280.0532740.0962650.5534247563.344

14. Regression

15. Discussion The regression between VSF ratio and slope of PSD gave a poor fit  High backscattering ratio indicates presence of small particles Correction for attenuation using ac9 and calibration Accuracy of Coulter counter measurements Accuracy of sampling time considerations.