1. Transforming the Economy for War WWI leads to Big Government – New programs and agencies to help run the war Liberty Bonds – People encouraged to buy “bonds” to fund the war National War Labor Board – Prevents strikes in wartime U.S. Food Administration – “Food will win the war” – Meatless Mondays and Wheatless Wednesdays to conserve

2. Good Morning!!! 1.NVC 2.HOT ROC: Sedition 3.Treaty of Versailles and the League of Nations Essential Question: Should the United States join the League of Nations? Homework: TEST ON FRIDAY!

3. HOT ROC: Sedition What is the Supreme Court’s ruling in Schenck v. United States? Do you agree with this ruling? Why or why not?

4. Schenck v. United States “The character of every action depends upon the circumstances in which it is done. The most stringent (toughest, strongest) protection of free speech still would not allow a man to falsely shout “Fire!” in a theatre and cause a panic. The question in every case is whether the words used are used in such circumstances and in such a way that they create a clear and present danger and will bring about substantive (actual, real) evils that Congress has a right to prevent. When a nation is at war many things that might be said in time of peace become such a hindrance (obstacle) to the war effort that their utterance (speaking them) should not be allowed as long as American men fight, and because of this no Court should regard these things as protected by any constitutional right.

5. End of Freedom of Speech Schenck vs. United States – Supreme court decision confirms government power to take away freedom of speech

6. Today: The Patriot Act “If the events of September 11, 2001, have proven anything, it's that the terrorists can attack us, but they can't take away what makes us American -- our freedom, our liberty, our civil rights. No, only Attorney General John Ashcroft can do that.” --Jon Stewart

7. War’s End January 1918 over 30 countries meet at Versailles to decide peace terms “The Big Four” – United States – France – Britain – Italy “Big Four” negotiate Treaty of Versailles

8. War’s End What Wilson wants Comes up with Fourteen Points to protect “every peace-loving nation” – Freedom of the Seas – Reduce armaments – Self-Determination: territories and colonies get to be their own countries – “Peace without Victory”: no blame for the war – League of Nations: an international organization to keep peace What Wilson gets The final terms of the Treaty of Versailles – League of Nations: YES! Wilson conceded on everything to get this

9. Approving the Treaty of Versailles Should the United States join the League of Nations?

10. FORCED CHOICE! Do we JOIN or do we NOT JOIN? You MUST choose!

11. What Really Happens… Reservationists and Irreconcilables are against the Treaty Internationalists are for it Congress rejects the League of Nations and the Treaty of Versailles

12. The United Nations