1. Casualties of War

2. America at War

3. When is victory Achieved? New form of government is in place Are there any victors/losers? Economic needs are protected Victor inflicts more casualties Revenge is achieved National Prestige is upheld The threat of attack has ended How can the victor of a war be determined? The Enemy surrenders

4. Country Total Mobilized Forces KilledWounded Prisoners and Missing Total Casualties Casualties as % of Forces ALLIED AND ASSOCIATED POWERS Russia12,000,0001,700,0004,950,0002,500,0009,150,00076.3 British Empire8,904,467908,3712,090,212191,6523,190,23535.8 France8,410,0001,357,8004,266,000537,0006,160,80073.3 Italy5,615,000650,000947,000600,0002,197,00039.1 United States4,355,000116,516204,0024,500323,0187.1 Japan800,00030090731,2100.2 Romania750,000335,706120,00080,000535,70671.4 Serbia707,34345,000133,148152,958331,10646.8 Belgium267,00013,71644,68634,65993,06134.9 Greece230,0005,00021,0001,00027,00011.7 Portugal100,0007,22213,75112,31833,29133.3 Montenegro50,0003,00010,0007,00020,00040.0 TOTAL42,188,8105,142,63112,800,7064,121,09022,062,42752.3 ALLIED AND ASSOCIATED POWERS Germany11,000,0001,773,7004,216,0581,152,8007,142,55864.9 Austria-Hungary7,800,0001,200,0003,620,0002,200,0007,020,00090.0 Turkey2,850,000325,000400,000250,000975,00034.2 Bulgaria1,200,00087,500152,39027,029266,91922.2 TOTAL22,850,0003,386,2008,388,4483,629,82915,404,47767.4 GRAND TOTAL65,038,8108,528,83121,189,1547,750,91937,466,90457.5 Casulaties

5. What were the casualties of WWI? Total Casualties –37.5 million 15.5 million deaths 21 million wounded –Allied Powers 5 million soldiers –Central Powers > 3 million soldiers

6. Entente PowersPopMilitary Deaths Civilian Deaths Total Deaths Military Wounde d Australia [1]Australia [1] 4.561,928 152,171 Belgium [2]Belgium [2] 7.442,98762,000104,98744,686 Canada [3]Canada [3] 7.264,9442,00066,944149,732 France [4]France [4] 39.61,397,800300,0001,697,8004,266,000 Greece [5]Greece [5] 4.826,000150,000176,00021,000 Indian Empire [6] 315.174,187 69,214 Italy [7]Italy [7] 35.6651,010589,0001,240,010953,886 Japan [8]Japan [8] 53.6415 907 Luxembourg [9]Luxembourg [9] 0.3 Montenegro [10]Montenegro [10].53,000 10,000 New Zealand [11]New Zealand [11] 1.118,050 41,317 Newfoundland [12]Newfoundland [12].21,204 2,314 Portugal [13]Portugal [13] 6.07,22282,00089,22213,751 Romania [14]Romania [14] 7.5250,000430,000680,000120,000 Russian Empire [15]Russian Empire [15] 158.91,811,0001,500,0003,311,0004,950,000 Kingdom of Serbia [16]Kingdom of Serbia [16] 4.5275,000450,000725,000133,148 South Africa [17]South Africa [17] 6.09,463 12,029 United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland [18] 45.4885,138109,000994,1381,663,435 United States [19]United States [19] 92.0116,708757117,465205,690 Total (Entente Powers)790.25,696,0563,674,7579,370,81312,809,280

7. Central PowersPopMilitary Deaths Civilian Deaths Total Deaths Military Wounde d Austria-Hungary [20]Austria-Hungary [20] 51.41,100,000467,0001,567,0003,620,000 Bulgaria [21]Bulgaria [21] 5.587,500100,000187,500152,390 German Empire [22]German Empire [22] 64.92,036,897426,0002,462,8974,247,143 Ottoman Empire [23]Ottoman Empire [23] 21.3800,0004,200,0005,000,000400,000 Total (Central Powers)143.14,024,3975,193,0009,217,3978,419,533 Neutral nations Denmark [24]Denmark [24] 2.7722 Norway [25]Norway [25] 2.4-1,892 Sweden [26]Sweden [26] 5.6-877 Grand Total941.39,720,4538,871,24818,591,70121,228,813

8. What effects did WWI have beyond the soldiers on the battlefield? Wars often spark other effects beyond the soldiers fighting on the battle field.

9. What was the Armenian Genocide? forced mass evacuation & systematic murder of nearly 1 million Armenians by the Ottoman Empire Mahsusa –Special organization used to force Armenian evacuations –Filled with freed murders and criminals did not provide facilities or supplies prevented deportees from supplying themselves allowed others & participated in robbing, raping & killing Armenians

10. Armenian Genocide

11. What was the Russian Revolution? Takeover of Tsar Nicholas II’s autocratic government by the Bolsheviks –Communists Vladimir Lenin Romanovs murdered Separate peace with Germany US involvement: Reds vs. Whites

12. Russian Revolution (could insert 0-4)

13. Flu Epidemic of 1918 Presentation

14. Spanish Flu

15. I had a little bird, Its name was Enza. I opened the window, And in-flu-enza. What was the Spanish Flu?Spanish Flu Virus (influenza) that killed between 20-40 million people worldwide (1918-1919)) –675 thousand Americans most devastating epidemic in recorded world history Symptoms began like a cold Infected 20% of world population 28% of Americans Highest fatality between ages 20- 30 –4 women playing bridge together one night and next morning 3 were dead

16. Spanish Flu

18. Was it worth it? Remember the original goals Number of goals achieved v. Casualties Do the goals outweigh the costs?

19. Casualties in any amount affect the people of a country and often are the reasons for a war’s end. As an American, how does this make you feel? Combat in Afghanistan

20. Wars often spark other effects beyond the soldiers fighting on the battle field: List some possible effects of the Iraqi War: Civil War Stable Democratically elected government Skyrocketing Debt (figures from 2006) –$300 billion for the war –Over $9 Trillion total Oil Rich ally Spread of Democracy Spread of Terrorism Embolden terrorist states (Iran/North Korea)

21. Other Costs Iraqi Civilian CountEstimated between 100-600 thousand deaths

22. Is it worth it?

23. The fog of war can cloud a normally clear mind. If you have learned nothing else from this lesson, I hope that you appreciate the far reaching effects of ‘going to war.’ Thousands/millions of lives are affected by the decision to go to war. Bad and good people die. Hopefully the leaders that we have/will elect(ed) appreciate this. But remember that freedom isn’t free. At this very moment, hundreds of thousands of young Americans are risking their lives so that we can have this conversation.