1. Hardware, Network, and Software

2. Computer Organization

3. Kilobyte 1,000 bytes (actually 1,024) Megabyte 1,000 kilobytes 10 6 bytes Gigabyte 10 9 bytes Terabyte 10 12 bytes Petabyte 10 15 bytes Exabyte 10 18 bytes

5. Types of Computers Supercomputers Mainframes Minicomputers Servers Workstations Microcomputers

6. Types of Computers (cont’d) Desktops Laptops Notebooks Thin-clients Network Computers WINDOWS-BASED TERMINALS (WBTs)

7. Types of Computers (cont’d) Dumb terminals smart card Memory buttons Embedded computers personal digital assistants (PDAs) Global positioning systems Tablet PC Wearable computers

8. Secondary Storage Magnetic tape Magnetic disks, or hard disks redundant arrays of inexpensive disks (RAID) magnetic diskette Zip disks

9. Optical storage devices Compact disk read-only memory(CD- ROM) disks Compact disk, rewritable (CD-RW) DIGITAL VIDEO DISK (DVD). FLUORESCENT MULTILAYER DISK (FMD-ROM).

11. Tailor-made application software off-the-shelf application software general-purpose application programs

12. General-purpose application programs SPREADSHEETS DATA MANAGEMENT WORD PROCESSING DESKTOP PUBLISHING GRAPHICS (Presentation, Analysis, Engineering) MULTIMEDIA( Presentation, Interactive)

13. SYSTEMS SOFTWARE controls and supports the computer hardware and its information processing activities. facilitates the programming, testing, and debugging of computer programs. Control, Support, and Development programs

14. System control programs-Operating System job, resource, and data management Monitoring performance Formatting diskettes Correcting errors Controlling the computer monitor Providing and maintaining the user interface Sending jobs to the printer Starting (“booting”) the computer Maintaining security and limiting access Reading programs into memory Locating files Managing memory allocation to those programs Detecting viruses Placing files and programs in secondary storage Compressing data Creating and maintaining directories

15. PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES Machine language Assembly language Procedural languages, Compilers, Interpreters. Nonprocedural or fourth-generation language (4GL), Natural language programming languages (NLPs)

16. Object-Oriented Languages VISUAL PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES. Web Programming Languages