2. Viruses & Bacteria A guide to understanding the similarities and differences of viruses and bacteria

3. Two Monera Kingdoms Archaebacteria Eubacteria

4. Archaebacteria Ancient life form Live in extreme environments More than 300 million years old.

5. Eubacteria Most abundant form of life on Earth. Make foods, cause diseases and decompose matter. Live in warm, pH balanced, low-salt environments. Different cell membranes and RNA than Archaebacteria.

6. Viruses Greek word meaning “to poison”. Measured in nanometers (nm). A nanometer is = to 1 billionth of a meter. Viruses have 2 parts: a core of hereditary material and an outer coat of protection. A bacteriophage is a type of virus that infects a bacteria.

7. Bacteriophage It is a virus. It attaches to bacteria with it’s tail. It sends it’s genetic material from it’s head to it’s tail. More of the virus reproduces in the host bacteria.

8. Viruses come in many shapes and sizes! Viruses range in size from 10-250 nm. They do not have cells. They are non-living. They contain hereditary material (DNA or RNA). Most must have a host to survive. Strong protein coat.

9. Bacteria Kingdom: Moneran has been split into the Acheabacteria Kingdom and the Eubacteria Kingdom. One celled organisms. No nucleus Oldest form of life on Earth. Most live in colonies.

10. Three types of bacteria Spirilla (spigh- RIHL-uh) Spirillum (singular) Cork-screw shaped.

11. Cocci Cocci (KAHK- sigh) Coccus (singular) Spherical shaped

12. Bacilli Bacilli (buh-SIHL- igh) Bacillus (singular) Rod shaped.

13. Movement of Bacteria Bacteria move with Flagella. These are tail like structures that help the bacteria to move in liquid.

14. Reproduction Bacteria reproduce by Binary Fission. They split in half! When food is scarce bacteria can form an Endospore. This is a protective resting cell.

15. They can double in number every 20 minutes!