1. Malaysia Presentation: Justin Saing Zebbie Hunter Andrea Salazar 9/20/15

2. Basic Facts: Location: Peninsular Malaysia is located South of Thailand, north of Singapore, and east of the Indonesian island of Sumatra. East Malaysia is located on the island of Borneo and shares borders with Brunei and Indonesia. Capital: Kuala Lumpur Official Language: Malay

3. Basic Facts (2): Ethnic Groups: 50.1% Malay, 22.6% Chinese, and 11.8% Indigenous (Original Malaysians) Religion: Islam Government: Constitutional Monarchy / Representative Democracy Prime Minister: Najib Tun Razak

4. Basic Facts (3): Population (2015): About 31 Million (44rd) GDP (Nominal): About $327 billion (2014) GDP (Purchasing Power Parity): $746.1 billion (2014) Currency: Ringgit

5. Malaysia Is Facing Many Economic Issues: Rapid growth in public debt, causing severe strain Currency depreciation (the ringgit) Shrinking revenues due to falling oil prices Stock market slide and weak economy (GDP Growth Rate for Q2 2015 is 1.1%) Potential turmoil and street protests

6. Rising Debt Level: Excessive use of bond financings Malaysia has the second largest increase in debt as share of GDP (second only to China and Hong Kong) Government spending is out of control; in 2013, the debt was at $277 billion, a 35% rise from 2009 Weak economy and declining exports A Malaysian economist Amir Baharahuddin argues that many Malaysians live beyond their means

7. Currency Crisis: The ringgit has dropped in value against the dollar not seen in nearly two decades; RM4.22: US$1, as of Aug. 21. From last year, the ringgit declined 24% against the dollar Foreign banks like Swiss Bank UBS are feeling nervous about Malaysian central bank’s ability to defend its currency; Many investors are fleeing the country

8. Stock Market Decline: Investors are pulling funds from Malaysia As China’s stock market plunged, that also hurt Malaysian stock market The FTSE Bursa Malaysa KCLI Index has plummeted this summer Malaysia is China’s largest trading partner; two-way trade topped $100 billion in 2014

9. Impact from Falling Oil Prices Malaysia is an exporter of oil and natural gas The collapse in the price of crude oil has huge impact on government revenues Since China has devalued its currency, Malaysia is struggling to stay competitive.

10. Reserves Are Dwindling: The Malaysian Central Bank is facing mounting pressure to stop currency slide They have tapped more and more into the bank reserves to protect the ringgit But this measure has been largely ineffective; besides, the pool of resources is dwindling

11. Role of the Central Bank: Zeti Akhtar Ahmad, governor of Malaysian Central Bank maintains that the ringgit is falling faster than justified He said, ‘the ringgit trading at levels that not reflective of the true Malaysian economy’ Despite the ongoing pessimism, Zeti dismissed the prospect of financial collapse His comments are at odds with many economists He also fails to calm the growing fear of emerging markets

12. Political Turmoil: It was reported that Prime Minister Najib tun Razak diverted funds from 1MDB (Malaysian Development Berhad) to his private bank account, some $600 million The news sparked an outrage; Malaysians take to the streets to protest Amid the corruption charges and abuse of power, Najib refuses to step down The controversy has scared away investors as the government begins the crackdown on dissidents

13. Tough Times are Ahead: Some economists like Reinhart and Rogoff argue that high public debut will hurt future growth prospects Trade deals with partners of the Trans Pacific Partnerships have been put on hold, hurting foreign investment Malaysia finds it harder to compete with other countries like Vietnam with cheaper labor costs Unless all these issues are fixed, Malaysia could face a serious financial crisis

14. Sources: http://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/publication/154508/ado-2015.pdf (Pg. 25-28)http://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/publication/154508/ado-2015.pdf http://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/nation/2013/08/02/housing-car-loans-cause-of- rising-debt/http://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/nation/2013/08/02/housing-car-loans-cause-of- rising-debt/ http://cfi.co/asia-pacific/2012/08/mida-malaysia-your-profit-centre-in-asia/ (Image)http://cfi.co/asia-pacific/2012/08/mida-malaysia-your-profit-centre-in-asia/ http://www.worldpoliticsreview.com/articles/16457/fallout-from-1mdb-scandal-hits-malaysia-s- economy-hardesthttp://www.worldpoliticsreview.com/articles/16457/fallout-from-1mdb-scandal-hits-malaysia-s- economy-hardest http://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-08-10/malaysian-stocks-set-for-correction-as- scandal-spurs-outflowshttp://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-08-10/malaysian-stocks-set-for-correction-as- scandal-spurs-outflows http://www.bloombergview.com/articles/2015-08-10/1990s-come-back-to-haunt-malaysia http://marketrealist.com/2015/08/malaysian-ringgit-falls-17-year-low/ http://www.wsj.com/articles/how-low-can-malaysias-ringgit-go-1438938355 http://thediplomat.com/2015/08/malaysias-economy-faces-severe-strain/ http://www.marketoracle.co.uk/Article51794.html http://www.businesscircle.com.my/imf-gives-malaysia-thumbs-up-for-ongoing-reforms/ http://thediplomat.com/2015/08/malaysias-economy-faces-severe-strain/ https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/my.html http://www.tradingeconomics.com/malaysia/gdp