1. HANBACK ELECTRONICS CO., LTD. 저자권 보호됨 TinyOS & NesC

2. HANBACK ELECTRONICS CO., LTD. 저자권 보호됨 2015-10-25 2 TinyOS

3. HANBACK ELECTRONICS CO., LTD. 저자권 보호됨 2015-10-25 3 TinyOS TinyOS (TOS) = OS image runable on atmega128 event-driven structure Single stack TinyOS Limitation –No Kernel –No Dynamic Memory Management –No use of virtual memeory Simple FIFO scheduler implemented in the Main Component

4. HANBACK ELECTRONICS CO., LTD. 저자권 보호됨 2015-10-25 4 TinyOS Directory /opt/tinyos-1.x TinyOS folder

5. HANBACK ELECTRONICS CO., LTD. 저자권 보호됨 2015-10-25 5 NesC

6. HANBACK ELECTRONICS CO., LTD. 저자권 보호됨 2015-10-25 6 Component Model Language NesC charateristics –Component Model Language composes several blocked components into a executable module by wiring each component at compile time –The purpose of NesC is to generate small size code only for the targeted sensor application. –Syntax is similar to C but some differences NesC features type component developement easier than C - component wiring Code size very small – optimal for tiny embedded devices limitation No Dynamic Memory

7. HANBACK ELECTRONICS CO., LTD. 저자권 보호됨 2015-10-25 7 NesC Terms. NesC terms Application A single program running on the sensor board Component Component – basic block of NesC; configuration & module Interface - Interface provided to connect to components. Each com,ponent can use multiple interfaces. By usinh the interface, “command” & “message” are handled. Wiring is connecting two components. Configuration – Declare a new component and built-in components and describing wiring methods (use or provide). Module – Implementing part using components

8. HANBACK ELECTRONICS CO., LTD. 저자권 보호됨 2015-10-25 8 Component Component interface: –Function implementation –Function Call –Response handling by event triggers –Event triggering Component consists –Definition of Interface –Configuration –Module

9. HANBACK ELECTRONICS CO., LTD. 저자권 보호됨 2015-10-25 9 Interface –Provided & used by component. –Interface is defined with command & event CommandEvent Command is an implementable function in module. It is called by ‘call' command. Event to use must be implemented in a upper component. It is useful when it passes information(event). It is called by ‘signal’ command.

10. HANBACK ELECTRONICS CO., LTD. 저자권 보호됨 2015-10-25 10 Interface Example Description Example (Timer.nc) interface identifier { command result_t function_name prototype event result_t function_name prototype } interface Timer { command result_t start (char type, uint32_t interval); command result_t stop (); event result_t fired (); }

11. HANBACK ELECTRONICS CO., LTD. 저자권 보호됨 2015-10-25 11 Command - Call Command –C’s function –Inner component call by command –Must be declared in interface Call by “Call” command –call Timer.stop()

12. HANBACK ELECTRONICS CO., LTD. 저자권 보호됨 2015-10-25 12 Event - Signal Event –Call by “Signal” command signal Timer.fired();

13. HANBACK ELECTRONICS CO., LTD. 저자권 보호됨 2015-10-25 13 Component – configuration Configuration File –Configuration describes components to provide and use components configuration identifier { *identifier : the name of component provides { interface interface_name1 } implementation { components identifierM, com1, com2... interface_name1 = identifierM.interface_name1 identifierM.interface_name2 -> com1.interface_name3 com1.interface_name3 <- identifierM.interface_name2 }

14. HANBACK ELECTRONICS CO., LTD. 저자권 보호됨 2015-10-25 14 Wiring between Components Wiring:, = –Interface 1 = interface 2 Same interface –Interface1 ‐ > interface2 Used at interface1, implemented at interface2 –Interface1 interface1 (same) Once wired, “command, event & interface” are available.

15. HANBACK ELECTRONICS CO., LTD. 저자권 보호됨 2015-10-25 15 Configuration Example Example (TimerC.nc) configuration TimerC { provides {... interface Timer; } implementation { components TimerM, ClockC,... ;... TimerM.Clock -> ClockC.Clock;... }

16. HANBACK ELECTRONICS CO., LTD. 저자권 보호됨 2015-10-25 16 Component - module Module –Module examples (both are OK) module identifier { provides { interface a; interface b; } uses { interface x; interface y; } } implementation {... } module identifier { provides interface a; provides interface b; uses interface x; uses interface y; } implementation {... }

17. HANBACK ELECTRONICS CO., LTD. 저자권 보호됨 2015-10-25 17 Module Example Example (TimerM.nc) module TimerM { provides { interface StdControl; interface Timer; } uses interface Clock; } implementation { command result_t Timer.start( … ) {... } command result_t Timer.stop() {... } event void Clock.tick() {... } }

18. HANBACK ELECTRONICS CO., LTD. 저자권 보호됨 2015-10-25 18 Task & Event Scheduling –2-level scheduling (events and tasks) –single shared stack, used by events and function calls Task: –Preemptive for event –Function call –Signal 을 발생 –Non-Preemptive with other tasks Event – process for interrupt handling INTERRUPT(_output_compare2_)() { // Hardware Timer Event Handler TOS_SIGNAL_EVENT(CLOCK_FIRE_EVENT)(); // Software event … }

19. HANBACK ELECTRONICS CO., LTD. 저자권 보호됨 2015-10-25 19 async,atomic async –The task runs asynchronously atomic –Global variable for handling race condition problem atomic { sharedvar = sharedvar+1; }

20. HANBACK ELECTRONICS CO., LTD. 저자권 보호됨 2015-10-25 20 Tinyos Directory /opt/tinyos-1.x /apps /contrib /zigbex /tools /tos interfaces system flatform sensorboards lib types Driver and app. examples Java & make platform interfaces Hw related common components Components for platdorm Components for sensor board Lib. TinyOS’s MSG headers

21. HANBACK ELECTRONICS CO., LTD. 저자권 보호됨 2015-10-25 21 NesC Programming

22. HANBACK ELECTRONICS CO., LTD. 저자권 보호됨 2015-10-25 22 nesC Programming application: configuration comp1: module comp3 comp4 comp2: configuration Components: –Consists - module: C lang. -configuration: select and wire –interfaces -provides interface -uses interface

23. HANBACK ELECTRONICS CO., LTD. 저자권 보호됨 2015-10-25 23 nesC Programming Types of Component: –configuration: connection with using components –module: implement “interface operation “ and “event handler “

24. HANBACK ELECTRONICS CO., LTD. 저자권 보호됨 2015-10-25 24 nesC Programming Configuration’s wiring: Configuration examples: C1 C2 C3 C2 C3 configuration app { } implementation { components c1, c2, c3; c1 -> c2; c2.out -> c3.triangle; c3 <- c2.side; } component c2c3 { provides interface triangle t1; } implementation { components c2, c3; t1 -> c2.in; c2.out -> c3.triangle; c3 <- c2.side; }

25. HANBACK ELECTRONICS CO., LTD. 저자권 보호됨 2015-10-25 25 nesC Programming Language modules: module C1 { uses interface triangle; } implementation {... } module C2 { provides interface triangle in; uses { interface triangle out; interface rectangle side; } } implementation {... } module C3 { provides interface triangle; provides interface rectangle; } implementation {... } C1 C2 C3

26. HANBACK ELECTRONICS CO., LTD. 저자권 보호됨 2015-10-25 26 nesC Blink example blink.nc (configuration) configuration Blink { }implementation { components Main, BlinkM, TimerC, LedsC; Main.StdControl -> TimerC.StdControl; Main.StdControl -> BlinkM.StdControl; BlinkM.Timer -> TimerC.Timer[unique("Timer")]; BlinkM.Leds -> LedsC; }

27. HANBACK ELECTRONICS CO., LTD. 저자권 보호됨 2015-10-25 27 nesC Blink example blinkM.nc (module) module BlinkM { provides { interface StdControl; } uses { interface Timer as Timer; interface Leds; } } implementation { command result_t StdControl.init() { call Leds.init(); return SUCCESS;} command result_t StdControl.start() { call Timer.start(TIMER_REPEAT, 1000); return SUCCESS; } command result_t StdControl.stop() { call Timer.stop(); return SUCCESS; } event result_t Timer.fired() { call Leds.redToggle(); return SUCCESS; }

28. HANBACK ELECTRONICS CO., LTD. 저자권 보호됨 2015-10-25 28 BlinkM LedsC module BlinkM{ provides { interface StdControl; } uses { interface Timer as Timer; interface Leds; } }implementation { command result_t StdControl.init() { call Leds.init(); return SUCCESS; } command result_t StdControl.start() { call Timer.start(TIMER_REPEAT, 1000); return SUCCESS; } StdControl.stop() { call Timer.stop(); return SUCCESS; } event result_t Timer.fired() { call Leds.redToggle(); return SUCCESS; } } module LedsC { provides interface Leds; } implementation{ uint8_t ledsOn; enum { RED_BIT = 1, GREEN_BIT = 2, YELLOW_BIT = 4 }; async command result_t Leds.init() { … return SUCCESS; } async command result_t Leds.redOn() { … } async command result_t Leds.redOff() { … } async command result_t Leds.redToggle() { … } …. async command uint8_t Leds.get() { … } async command result_t Leds.set(uint8_t ledsNum) { … } }