1. DNA Replication, Transcription, Translation

2. DNA Replication  The weak hydrogen bonds that hold the nitrogen bases break apart by an enzyme  The divided strands are then replicated by their matching nitrogen bases  Your new DNA Strand is then one ‘old strand’ known as the parent strand and one ‘new strand’

3. Speed of Replication  DNA is replicated REALLY FAST  Human cell copies its 6 billion bases & divide into daughter cells in only few hours  Remarkably accurate  only ~1 error per 100 million bases  ~30 errors per cell cycle

4. Errors & Fixing  Different types of errors can happen in DNA  Ex: Deletion of nitrogen base or an insertions of nitrogen base  Proofreading enzymes correct any mistakes that occur during replication.  DNA studies have helped us solve major problems in history and in health.

5. RNA  RNA – RiboNucleic Acid  Made in the nucleus  RNA delivers and interprets what the DNA is saying

6. DNA vs. RNA  Difference #1:  DNA  double strand  RNA  single strand Difference #2:  DNA nitrogen bases: A, G, C, T  RNA nitrogen bases: A, G, C, U (Uracil)

8. DNA Transcription  RNA strand is made by reading one of the DNA strands  IMPORTANT!!!  When there is an Adenine base (A), it binds with Uracil (U) in RNA instead of Thymine (T)

9. RNA Base-Pairing Practice  DNA Strand#1: A G T T C A  DNA Strand #2: T C A A G T  RNA Strand: U

10. RNA Base-Pairing Practice  DNA Strand#1: A G T T C A  DNA Strand #2: T C A A G T  RNA Strand: U C A A G U  DNA Strand #1: T A G G

11. RNA Base-Pairing Practice  DNA Strand#1: A G T T C A  DNA Strand #2: T C A A G T  RNA Strand: U C A A G U  DNA Strand #1: T A G G  DNA Strand #2: A

12. RNA Base-Pairing Practice  DNA Strand#1: A G T T C A  DNA Strand #2: T C A A G T  RNA Strand: U C A A G U  DNA Strand #1: T A G G  DNA Strand #2: A T

13. RNA Base-Pairing Practice  DNA Strand#1: A G T T C A  DNA Strand #2: T C A A G T  RNA Strand: U C A A G U  DNA Strand #1: T A G G  DNA Strand #2: A T C

14. RNA Base-Pairing Practice  DNA Strand#1: A G T T C A  DNA Strand #2: T C A A G T  RNA Strand: U C A A G U  DNA Strand #1: T A G G  DNA Strand #2: A T C C

15. RNA Base-Pairing Practice  DNA Strand#1: A G T T C A  DNA Strand #2: T C A A G T  RNA Strand: U C A A G U  DNA Strand #1: T A G G  DNA Strand #2: A T C C  RNA Strand:

16. RNA Base-Pairing Practice  DNA Strand#1: A G T T C A  DNA Strand #2: T C A A G T  RNA Strand: U C A A G U  DNA Strand #1: T A G G  DNA Strand #2: A T C C  RNA Strand: A

17. RNA Base-Pairing Practice  DNA Strand#1: A G T T C A  DNA Strand #2: T C A A G T  RNA Strand: U C A A G U  DNA Strand #1: T A G G  DNA Strand #2: A T C C  RNA Strand: A U

18. RNA Base-Pairing Practice  DNA Strand#1: A G T T C A  DNA Strand #2: T C A A G T  RNA Strand: U C A A G U  DNA Strand #1: T A G G  DNA Strand #2: A T C C  RNA Strand: A U C

19. RNA Base-Pairing Practice  DNA Strand#1: A G T T C A  DNA Strand #2: T C A A G T  RNA Strand: U C A A G U  DNA Strand #1: T A G G  DNA Strand #2: A T C C  RNA Strand: A U C C

20. DNA Translation  What does Translation mean?

21. DNA Translation  RNA is transferred out of the nucleus to the ribosome  CODON: three nitrogen bases  One Codon (in order on the RNA strand) makes ONE amino acid  Amino acids put together make a protein

23. Put it all together!

25.  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sstJI3 agBcM http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sstJI3 agBcM

26. New Vocabularies Learned  Replication  RNA  DNA Transcription  DNA Translation  Codon