1. Social Outsourcing as a Development Tool Richard Heeks * & Shoba Arun + * Development Informatics Group, IDPM, SED, University of Manchester, UK + Dept. of Sociology, Manchester Metropolitan University, UK Podcast 2007: http://www.womenictenterprise.org/audiovisual.htm

2. Two Perspectives on the Bottom of the Pyramid Large Organisations Poor Communities Goods & Services Producers Consumers Large Organisations Poor Communities Goods & Services Consumers Producers Main Perspective Alternative Perspective

3. Kudumbashree: Social Outsourcing in Kerala Digitisation/Data Entry IT Training PC Assembly & Maintenance

4. Features of Kerala Project IT Services Focus: Direct ICT—Poverty Connection Growing Foundation in Poor Communities Opportunities for Telecontracting Strong Demand Growth Outsourcing Clients from Public Sector: Other Examples of Private Sector Clients Social Outsourcing: Combines Commercial and Developmental Agendas

5. Livelihood Impacts of IT Social Outsourcing Human Capital: Building IT and Entrepreneurial Skills Political Capital: Empowerment; Confidence; Status; Gender Relations? Financial Capital: US$1 per Day; Welfare Expenditure Physical Capital: One PC per Member Social Capital: Government Officials; Enterprise Group Sustainability? Longevity Member Replacement (Limited) Diversification Assets Remain

6. Conclusions on IT Social Outsourcing Current Scale/Coverage Limitations Major Opportunity Area: Private, Public & NGO Clients Potential "Triple-Win": Development Benefits for Sub-Contractors: Livelihoods Pentagon Delivery Economic Benefits for Clients: Low-Cost Goods/Services Delivery Political Benefits for Clients: Corporate Social Responsibility Delivery Project Contacts: http://www.womenictenterprise.org richard.heeks@manchester.ac.uk