2. Chemical & Fuels Engineering1 Laboratory Safety Lecture 1

3. 2 OHSA Hazard Communication Standard from 1988. Employer responsibility Employer responsibility Provide Information Provide Information Chemical Hygiene Plan Chemical Hygiene Plan Permissible Exposure Limits established Permissible Exposure Limits established Symptoms associated with exposure Symptoms associated with exposure Reference materials on hazards, safe handling, storage and disposal Reference materials on hazards, safe handling, storage and disposal Training Physical and health hazards of chemicals used Contents of Chemical Hygiene Plan Methods to detect of hazardous chemical release

4. 3 Employee Responsibilities (this is you, the student) Plan work in accordance with Chemical Hygiene Plan Plan work in accordance with Chemical Hygiene Plan Use equipment for designed purpose Use equipment for designed purpose Be familiar with emergency equipment and procedures Be familiar with emergency equipment and procedures Know and use appropriate protective equipment Know and use appropriate protective equipment Be alert to unsafe conditions and actions Be alert to unsafe conditions and actions call attention to them call attention to them correct them correct them Personal responsibilities Work so that others (e.g., coworkers, the public) will not be harmed.

5. 4 Chemical Hygiene Plan - www.ehs.utah.edu/programs/chp.htm Chemical Hygiene Plan - www.ehs.utah.edu/programs/chp.htm Training and Documentation Training and Documentation Standard Operating Procedures i. Reactive Chemicals ii. Corrosive Chemicals iii. Acids and Bases iv. Carcinogens and Toxins v. Compressed Gasses Standard Operating Procedures i. Reactive Chemicals ii. Corrosive Chemicals iii. Acids and Bases iv. Carcinogens and Toxins v. Compressed Gasses Exposure Control Monitoring Exposure Control Monitoring

6. 5 Chemical Hygiene Plan – Sections Chemical Hygiene Plan – Sections Roles & Responsibilities Roles & Responsibilities Information and Training Information and Training Prior Approval Circumstances Prior Approval Circumstances Standard Operating Procedures Standard Operating Procedures Appendix Power Outage Emergency Response Carcinogenic Chemical List

7. 6 Lab is scheduled from 1:00 to 5:00 PM on assigned afternoons. Lab is scheduled from 1:00 to 5:00 PM on assigned afternoons. You are expected to manage your time and productivity to make the best use of your allotted time. Your employer will have the same expectation. Make-up time will usually not be granted. Students may not work in the lab unless an instructor, teaching assistant, or lab technician is present.

8. 7 We start the semester with the lab clean and well organized. It is up to you to keep it that way. Clean-up is everyday at 4:30 PM, plan on this in your project schedule. Failure to clean-up everyday and at the end of your project will result in a reduction in your grade and the ire of Bob Cox. Failure to clean-up everyday and at the end of your project will result in a reduction in your grade and the ire of Bob Cox.

9. 8 Many lab projects will generate hazardous waste streams. As part of your project planning, discuss the disposal issues with Instructor. Many lab projects will generate hazardous waste streams. As part of your project planning, discuss the disposal issues with Instructor. Some hazardous wastes may be treated and neutralized. Some hazardous wastes may be treated and neutralized. Guidelines for Drain Disposal of Chemicals Guidelines for Drain Disposal of Chemicals http://www.che.utah.edu/~geoff/writing/index.html http://www.che.utah.edu/~geoff/writing/index.html Some hazardous wastes must be collected for disposal. Some hazardous wastes must be collected for disposal. All waste containers must be kept closed. All waste containers must be kept closed. Annual EPA inspections. Fines from past infractions. Annual EPA inspections. Fines from past infractions.

10. 9  Safety equipment is available in each lab. There is no excuse for not using it. As an engineer you are responsible for your own safety, the safety of your co-workers, and the safety of the public and the environment. You are responsible for the safety of your project, your team and your neighbors. A safety review will be part of your preliminary oral exam. Violations of safe practice will result in a reduction of your grade or suspension from the lab.

11. 10  Safety glasses are required whenever you are handling chemicals or operating machinery. (PERIOD)  Hard-hats are required when working on the grating area. Please do not drop tools on the students below!  Use the fume hoods to reduce your chemical exposure.  When handling strong corrosives such as full strength acids and bases, use a face shield, gloves, and splash apron.

12. 11 Gloves Choose the type of Glove that will protect against the chemical you are handling Choose the type of Glove that will protect against the chemical you are handling Glove Materials Permeation Test Data Glove Materials Permeation Test Data Take glove off so that your skin does not make contact with contaminated area Take glove off so that your skin does not make contact with contaminated area See www.labsafety.com See www.labsafety.com

13. 12 Glove Material Applications ~ Cost Butyl Butyl A synthetic rubber material that offers the highest permeation resistance to gas and water vapors. Especially suited for use with esters and ketones. $12-20/pair $12-20/pair Neoprene Neoprene A synthetic rubber material that provides excellent tensile strength and heat resistance. Neoprene is compatible with some acids and caustics. It has moderate abrasion resistance. $30-55/12pr $30-55/12pr Nitrile Nitrile A synthetic rubber material that offers chemical and abrasion resistance - a very good general duty glove. Nitrile also provides protection from oils, greases, petroleum products, and some acids and caustics. $11-12/100pr disposable (Chemistry) $16-60/12pr reusable $11-12/100pr disposable (Chemistry) $16-60/12pr reusable PVC polyvinyl chloride PVC polyvinyl chloride A synthetic thermoplastic polymer that provides excellent resistance to most acids, fats and petroleum hydrocarbons. Good abrasion resistance. $15/100 pr disposable $30-55/12 pr reusable $15/100 pr disposable $30-55/12 pr reusable PVA polyvinyl alcohol PVA polyvinyl alcohol A water-soluble synthetic material that is highly impermeable to gases. Excellent chemical resistance to aromatic and chlorinated solvents. This glove cannot be used in water or water- based solutions. $37/10pr $37/10pr Viton 7 Viton 7 A fluoroelastomer material that provides exceptional chemical resistance to chlorinated and aromatic solvents. Viton 7 is very flexible, but has minimal resistance to cuts and abrasions. $35-100/pair $35-100/pair

14. 13  Do not eat or drink in the lab. These are chemical handling areas.  Do not pipette by mouth!  Do not spill any chemicals. Spill containment and clean-up materials are located in lab 3520A.  The removable gratings between floors must not be removed. Near fatal injuries have occurred in the past.  Shorts and sandals are not appropriate attire in the laboratories. You can change before lab.

15. 14  Keep your work area clean and well organized, clean up any spills.  ALL chemical containers must be labeled.  After Consulting Guidelines for Drain Disposal of Chemicals, Contact your instructor or Bob Cox for disposal of chemicals and hazardous waste.  Be aware of the danger of long hair, loose clothing and jewelry around rotating or moving equipment. Secure your long hair.

16. 15 Safety Considerations Exposure Limits Exposure Limits Long Term Limit Long Term Limit www.OSHA.gov www.OSHA.gov –Average over 40 hr work week Sickness Sickness Death Death Instantaneous Limits Instantaneous Limits Threshold Limit Value Threshold Limit Value Threshold of smell Threshold of smell Flammability/Explosion Flammability Limits Explosion Limits

17. 16 Hazardous Operations Develop a plan of operation for hazardous experiments/equipment Develop a plan of operation for hazardous experiments/equipment Get plan approved Get plan approved Document all operations to meet the guidelines of the plan Document all operations to meet the guidelines of the plan

18. 17 OTHER LABORATORY AREA HAZARDS Compressed gas cylinders. A.Past accidents, projectile Hazard capable of penetrating concrete walls. B.Tanks must be securely belted or chained in place. C.Oxygen tanks must be segregated. D.Oxygen connections and lines must be oil free. E.Either a regulator or a safety cap must be in place at all times. F.The safety cap must be in place when moving the tank. Compressed gas cylinders. A.Past accidents, projectile Hazard capable of penetrating concrete walls. B.Tanks must be securely belted or chained in place. C.Oxygen tanks must be segregated. D.Oxygen connections and lines must be oil free. E.Either a regulator or a safety cap must be in place at all times. F.The safety cap must be in place when moving the tank.

19. 18 OHSA OHSA Chemical Hygiene Plan (CHP) Chemical Hygiene Plan (CHP) for Senior Lab/Instrumental Analysis Lab for Senior Lab/Instrumental Analysis Lab For University For University MSDS MSDS Container Labeling Container Labeling

20. 19 MSDS - Cornerstone of Chemical Safety MSDS - Cornerstone of Chemical Safety Identification Identification Ingredients and Hazards Ingredients and Hazards Reactivity Data Reactivity Data Spill/Leak Procedures Spill/Leak Procedures Special Protection Info. Special Protection Info. Special Precautions Special Precautions Glossary of Terms used in MSDS

21. 20 http://www.che.utah.edugo to the SAFETY page http://www.che.utah.edugo to the SAFETY page http://www.chem.utah.edugo to the MSDS link on the contents frame http://www.chem.utah.edugo to the MSDS link on the contents frame http://www.ehs.utah.edugo to the LINKS page http://www.ehs.utah.edugo to the LINKS page

22. 21 MSDS

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26. 25 Rating Summary Health (Blue) 4 4 Danger May be fatal on short exposure. Specialized protective equipment required 3 3 Warning Corrosive or toxic. Avoid skin contact or inhalation 2 2 Warning May be harmful if inhaled or absorbed 1 1 Caution May be irritating 0 0 No unusual hazard Flammability (Red) 4 4 Danger Flammable gas or extremely flammable liquid 3 3 Warning Flammable liquid flash point below 100° F 2 2 Caution Combustible liquid flash point of 100° to 200° F 1 1 Combustible if heated 0 0 Not combustible Reactivity (Yellow) 4 4 Danger Explosive material at room temperature 3 3 Danger May be explosive if shocked, heated under confinement or mixed with water 2 2 Warning Unstable or may react violently if mixed with water 1 1 Caution May react if heated or mixed with water but not violently 0 0 Stable Not reactive when mixed with water Special Notice Key (White) W W Water Reactive Oxy Oxidizing Agent NFPA (Nat. Fire Prevention Ass.) Chemical Hazard Labels NFPA (Nat. Fire Prevention Ass.) Chemical Hazard Labels

27. 26 Chemical Labels B C E F+ F Xn Xi N O R T T+ B C E F+ F Xn Xi N O R T T+ Biohazard Corrosive Explosive Extremely Flammable Highly Flammable Harmful Irritant Dangerous for the Env. Oxidizing Radioactive Toxic Very Toxic Biohazard Corrosive Explosive Extremely Flammable Highly Flammable Harmful Irritant Dangerous for the Env. Oxidizing Radioactive Toxic Very Toxic

28. 27 Each lab/work area must have appropriate spill containment and clean-up materials sufficient for the chemicals in use. Each lab/work area must have appropriate spill containment and clean-up materials sufficient for the chemicals in use. Minor spills dealt with in the Lab. Minor spills dealt with in the Lab. Three types of packs Three types of packs Organic Organic Acid Acid Base Base Major spills require assistance, call University dispatch 5-2677 (5-COPS). Major spills require assistance, call University dispatch 5-2677 (5-COPS). Life threatening situations, ring fire alarm and evacuate. Life threatening situations, ring fire alarm and evacuate.

29. 28 What to do in Power Outage Close Fume Hoods Close Fume Hoods Secure Chemical Containers Secure Chemical Containers Caps, Covers, etc. Caps, Covers, etc. Close cylinders at tank valve Close cylinders at tank valve Turn off non-essential equipment and large power draw equipment Turn off non-essential equipment and large power draw equipment Check all sensitive or reactive materials maintain cover gases or seals Check all sensitive or reactive materials maintain cover gases or seals

30. 29 What to do in Fire Pull the nearest fire alarm and evacuate. Pull the nearest fire alarm and evacuate. University policy is that students should not attempt to fight fires. University policy is that students should not attempt to fight fires. Any person having first hand knowledge of an alarm situation should report to the emergency response personnel in the parking lot at the northwest comer of MEB. Any person having first hand knowledge of an alarm situation should report to the emergency response personnel in the parking lot at the northwest comer of MEB. Close lab and hallway doors on your way out. Close lab and hallway doors on your way out. Never disregard a fire alarm. Never disregard a fire alarm. Have an alternate escape route planned. Have an alternate escape route planned.

31. 30 What to do in Earthquake. Routinely close cabinet doors. Routinely close cabinet doors. Hide under a heavy desk or door frame. Hide under a heavy desk or door frame. Evacuate cautiously, watch for falling glass. Evacuate cautiously, watch for falling glass.

32. 31 Emergency Response