1. Cardiac Considerations
Draw and label a diagram of the heart
Explain the cardiac cycle
Describe how the heart works
Discuss heart regulation at rest and during exercise
Discuss cardiac dynamics

2. The Heart
Function
To provide the pumping action and force for blood transportation around the vascular system

3. The Heart Myocardium - Cardiac Muscle Four Chambers Two Upper - Atria
Two Lower - Ventricles

4. The Heart Blood flows into the upper chambers via three veins
Vena Cava
Superior & Inferior
Pulmonary Vein

5. The Heart As the Atria contract blood is pushed through two valves
Tricuspid Valve - Right side of heart
Bicuspid (Mitral) Valve - left side of heart

6. The Heart
The blood passes through the valves into the ventricles. The atria relax and the valves close.

7. The Heart
The ventricles then contract and the blood is then transported away from the heart via two arteries
Aorta
Pulmonary Artery

8. The Heart Beat Sinoatrial (SA) Node Atrioventricular (AV) Node
AV bundle ( Bundle of His)
Purkinje Fibres

9. Control of the Heart Beat
The Parasympathetic Nervous System
Decreases HR
Sympathetic Nervous System
Increases HR & Contraction force
The Endocrine System (release of hormones)
Increases HR & Contraction Force

10. The ElectroCardioGram
P Wave
Atrial Depolarisation
QRS Complex
Ventricular Depolarisation
T Wave
Ventricular Depolariastion

11. The Cardiac Cycle
Systole
Contraction phase
Diastole
Relaxation phase

12. Cardiac Dynamics Heart Rate (HR) Stroke Volume (SV) Cardiac output (Q)
The number of heart beats measured in a minute
Stroke Volume (SV)
The amount of blood ejected from the left ventricle in a single contraction
Cardiac output (Q)
The amount of blood ejected from the left ventricle in a minute (SV x HR)

13. Independent Learning Session
Using the Biopac package
Conduct and record an ECG
Annotate the ECG by identifying
The PQRST
Atrial and Ventricle systole & diastole