1. UNIT 3 Chapter 17 – Becoming a World Power

2. Section 1: The Pressure to Expand Section 2: The Spanish-American War Section 3: A New Foreign Policy Section 4: Debating America’s New Role Chapter 17: Becoming a World Power (1890–1915)

3. Presidents of the United States  George Washington; Federalist (1788)  John Adams; Federalist (1796)  Thomas Jefferson (1800)  James Madison (1808)  James Monroe (1816)  John Quincy Adams (1824)  Andrew Jackson; Democrat (1828)  Martin Van Buren; Democrat (1836)  William Henry Harrison; Whig (1840)  John Tyler; Whig (1841)  James K. Polk; Democrat (1844)  Zachary Taylor; Whig (1848)  Millard Fillmore; Whig (1850)  Franklin Pierce; Democrat (1852)  James Buchanan; Democrat (1856)  Abraham Lincoln; Republican (1860)  Andrew Johnson; Democrat (1865)  Ulysses S. Grant; Republican (1868)  Rutherford B. Hayes; Republican (1876)  James Garfield; Republican (1880) #21 - …  Chester A. Arthur; Republican (1881)  Grover Cleveland; Democrat (1884)  Benjamin Harrison; Republican (1888)  Grover Cleveland; Democrat (1892)  William McKinley; Republican (1896)  Theodore Roosevelt; Republican (1901)  William Howard Taft; Republican (1909)  Woodrow Wilson; Democrat (1913)

4. OBJECTIVES  CORE OBJECTIVE: Explain the causes and effects of imperialism.  Objective 3.2 : What events led to the Spanish-American War? THEME: America will look to expand its borders and influence

5. Chapter 17 SECTION 2 The Spanish-American War A SWIFT VICTORY IN THE SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR CONFIRMED THE STATUS OF THE UNITED STATES AS A WORLD POWER, BUT IT LEFT SOME PEOPLE ARGUING OVER HOW TO GOVERN NEWLY ACQUIRED TERRITORIES

6. DEFENDING THE DOCTRINE  U.S. demanded that Great Britain land dispute be sent to arbitration, and defended the validity of the Monroe Doctrine. o Arbitration is the settlement of a dispute by a person or panel chosen to listen to both sides and come to a decision. o The British government backed down because it needed to stay on friendly terms with the United States. o U.S. has marked its territory and shows it will defend it. Monroe Doctrine in Action.  Britain and Venezuela had a long-standing land dispute. o In the 1880s rich minerals were found in the region o The U.S. demanded that Britain go to arbitration over the land in 1895

7. Spain controlled Cuba since 1500’s. Cuban people were fighting a revolution against Spanish brutality Cubans wanted their independence from Spain 90 miles from U.S. Protect our trade McKinley takes a stronger stance against Spain in 1896 election

8. 1. Spanish Ambassador de Lôme insulted President McKinley. 2. USS Maine exploded; Americans blame Spain. 3. Yellow Journalism 4. Congress recognized Cuban independence and authorized force against Spain.

9.  Spanish Ambassador de Lôme insulted President McKinley. o Criticized President McKinley as weak and a bidder for the admiration of the crowd, besides being a would-be politician who tries to leave a door open behind himself while keeping on good terms with the jingoes of his party. Dupuy de Lôme, Spanish Ambassador to the U.S.

10. The USS Maine was stationed in Havana harbor. American citizens threatened by revolution in Cuba. Pres. McKinley sent USS Maine to rescue US citizens. The USS Maine exploded, and the American public blamed Spain.  USS Maine exploded; Americans blame Spain.  The explosion on February 15, 1898 kills more than 250 American sailors

12.  In competition for readership, two New York newspapers wrote exaggerated stories about the Cuban rebellion.  Yellow Journalism presents little researched news and instead uses eye- catching headlines to sell newspapers. “How long are the Spaniards to drench Cuba with the blood and tears of her people?”

13.  This yellow journalism sold a lot of papers but had other effects: o It whipped up American public opinion in favor of the Cuban rebels. o Journalism with national pride and desire for an aggressive foreign policy is called jingoism. o Jingoist writers were constantly on alert for American insults and frequently called for military retaliation “How long is the peasantry of Spain to be drafted away to Cuba to die miserably in a hopeless war, that Spanish nobles and Spanish officers may get medals and honors?”

14. Joseph Pulitzer William Randolph Hearst “How long shall old Cuban men and women and children be murdered by the score, the innocent victims of Spanish rage against the patriot armies they cannot conquer?”

15. The Spanish-American War “A Splendid Little War” War declared in April of 1898 May 1, 1898: The United States launched a surprise attack in Manila Bay and destroyed Spain’s entire Pacific fleet in seven hours. July 1: Roosevelt led the Rough Riders up San Juan Hill. July 3: The United States Navy sank the remaining Spanish ships. Fewer than 500 Americans casualties

16. Rough Riders

17. ROOSEVELT’S ROUGH RIDERS  http://www.history.com/topics/us- presidents/theodore- roosevelt/videos/roosevelt-fights-in- spanish-american-war http://www.history.com/topics/us- presidents/theodore- roosevelt/videos/roosevelt-fights-in- spanish-american-war

18. THE TREATY OF PARIS (1898) With Spain’s defeat their government recognized Cuba’s independence. Spain gave up the Philippines, Guam, and Puerto Rico to the US in return for $20 million. The island nations then became unincorporated territories of the United States. President McKinley installed a military government to protect American business interests.

19. The problems for the U.S. after the Spanish-American arise from controlling these territories. Some of the new territories do not want foreign control no matter what America’s intentions are The Philippines and Cuba will resist American control. 3-minute summary: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4 PK5XvSxJhU https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4 PK5XvSxJhU This begins a conflict which the U.S. deals with today – what is responsible? The U.S. must resolve its internal conflict of Liberty for All vs. International Power

20. Which of the following was a reason President McKinley stated for the annexation of the Philippines? (A)The United States needed raw materials from Guam. (B)McKinley believed that the Filipinos could not govern themselves. (C)McKinley believed that if the United States fought for it, they should own it. (D)McKinley was concerned that granting independence would damage his image. How did the United States defend the Monroe Doctrine? (A)By forcing the British to go to arbitration over their dispute with Venezuela (B)By demolishing Spain’s navy (C)By annexing the Philippines (D)By winning the Spanish-American War

21. Which of the following was a reason President McKinley stated for the annexation of the Philippines? (A)The United States needed raw materials from Guam. (B)McKinley believed that the Filipinos could not govern themselves. (C)McKinley believed that if the United States fought for it, they should own it. (D)McKinley was concerned that granting independence would damage his image. How did the United States defend the Monroe Doctrine? (A)By forcing the British to go to arbitration over their dispute with Venezuela (B)By demolishing Spain’s navy (C)By annexing the Philippines (D)By winning the Spanish-American War