1. What tools do Geographer’s use?

2. The tools that Geographer’s use helps them to investigate the physical and human environment.

3. Geographers use all sorts of maps…

4. Road Maps Show major—some minor highways—and roads, airports, railroad tracks, cities and other points of interest in an area. People use road maps to plan trips and for driving directions.

5. Physical Maps Illustrate the physical features of an area, such as the mountains, rivers and lakes. The water is usually shown in blue. Colours are used to show relief— differences in land elevations. Green is typically used at lower elevations, and orange or brown indicate higher elevations.

6. Political Maps Do not show physical features. Instead, they indicate state and national boundaries and capital and major cities. A capital city is usually marked with a star within a circle.

7. Economic & Resource Maps Show the type of natural resources or economic activity that are in an area. Cartographers use symbols to show the locations of natural resources or economic activities. For example, oranges on a map of Florida tell you that oranges are grown there.

8. Climate Maps Give general information about the climate and precipitation (rain and snow) of a region. Cartographers, or mapmakers, use colors to show different climate or precipitation zones.

9. Topographic Maps They include contour lines to show the shape and height of an area. Lines that are close together indicate steep terrain, and lines that are far apart Indicate flat terrain.

10. Geographers also use… Diagrams Charts Graphs Photographs Reports Satellite images Sketches Surveys Tables

11. N S EW Compass: Determines direction Units of measurement are determined by compass points.

12. Thermometer: Measures temperature Units of measurement are in Degrees Celsius. O F or C

13. Pluviometer: Measures rainfall Units of measurement are in Millimetres. How do you write it? ____________________ mm

14. Hygrometer: Measures humidity Units of measurement are as a percentage. How do you write it? ____________________ O 0

15. Barometer: Measures air pressure Units of measurement are hectopascals. How do you write it? ____________________ hPa

16. Anemometer: Measures wind speed Units of measurement are in kilometres per hour. How do you write it? ____________________ Km/h

17. Wind Vane: Shows wind direction Units of measurement are determined by compass points. How do you write it? ____________________ N S EW