1. © T. M. Whitmore A few notes about your Papers Avoid over-reliance on Wikipedia or only one outside source (textbook) Globalization – understanding the concept and making the connections – relate to topic Be careful about lack of citations within the paper, or having one citation at the end of a very long paragraph Be careful about making broad assertions and then not backing them up Greater need in many papers for a strong and focused thesis You cannot always generalize the experiences of one country to the rest of the region-- scale matters in geography

2. © T. M. Whitmore A few notes about sources Evaluate your sources (be they books, articles, or web sites)  Credibility  Bias  Audience  Accuracy  Currency  Relevance

3. © T. M. Whitmore Evaluating Articles I: Credibility  Is there an author listed?  Does the author cite sources or a bibliography?  Does the author cite formal credentials or experience?  Can you contact the author?  Do you know who published the article? Are they reputable? Bias  Does the article present information in an objective manner?  Are all sides of an issue represented, or is this article biased?

4. © T. M. Whitmore Evaluating Articles II: Audience  Are the levels of the articles appropriate to your needs?  Do the articles cover several topics broadly, or one topic in detail? Accuracy  Does the article provide documentation for the information provided?  Does the article provide information that contradicts other sources?  Does the article include an explanation of its research methods?

5. © T. M. Whitmore Scholarly or professional (i.e., peer- reviewed) journal/article sources: Present primary accounts of original research or in- depth analysis of a topic (not a book or other review) Are written by researchers, scholars, or practitioners who are considered experts in their field  Not by journalists or others reporting the research Are intended for an audience of other researchers, scholars, or practitioners Usually it has an abstract; it has internal citations to other published articles; and it has a bibliography of works cited at the end or in footnotes. Undergo a rigorous blind peer review process through an editorial board If the article is in a source that is in color and/or has a great number of ads, it probably does not qualify.

6. © T. M. Whitmore “Popular” or journalistic sources: Provide general information on topics of interest to a wide audience Are written by journalists or writers who may or may not have any background or expertise in the subject on which they are writing  They report on others’ research Are written for the general public Rarely provide citations to source materials Undergo a limited editorial review Often include glossy photos

7. © T. M. Whitmore Websites I: Credibility  Is there an author listed?  Does the author cite sources or a bibliography  Does the author cite formal credentials or experience?  Can you contact the author?  Do you know who sponsored the page? Are they reputable?

8. © T. M. Whitmore Websites II: Credibility  Examine the URL - is there a tilde (~) in part of the URL? This implies that a web page is a personal page, even though it is linked to a larger institution. It may not be held to the same standards as the institution's pages, or reflect the institution's views.  Look for an "About this Site" link to learn more about the individual, organization, agency, or corporation hosting the site.  Look for an "about the author" link.  Trace the URL back to the parent institution. Their purpose may influence the validity of your source.

9. © T. M. Whitmore Websites III: Credibility  The domain type might influence the nature of the information you are viewing: .com - a commercial site. They might be trying to sell you something, so beware .edu - an academic site, but examine the page's content. Is it a library web page, or a student's pet project? .gov - reliable because the document is from a U.S. government affiliated site .org - used by non-profit groups such as public interest organizations, religious groups, and think tanks. These sites may be biased towards the organization's point of view.

10. © T. M. Whitmore Websites IV: Bias/agenda  Does the source present information in an objective manner? Are all sides of an issue represented?  If not, can you determine the bias of the source?  Many organizations publish research reports on their websites. Many organizations have a political agenda. It's important to be aware of any biases that might exist, whether they are liberal or conservative.  What other issues do they research?  Do the policies or solutions they propose have a similar theme?  Who heads the organization and what is their background?

11. © T. M. Whitmore More help Help in the library research process generally is available on-line from the UNC Libraries at:  http://www.lib.unc.edu/instruct/tutorial/ http://www.lib.unc.edu/instruct/tutorial/ Citing Information  http://www.lib.unc.edu/instruct/citations/ http://www.lib.unc.edu/instruct/citations/ Evaluating Information  http://www.lib.unc.edu/instruct/evaluate/ http://www.lib.unc.edu/instruct/evaluate/

12. © T. M. Whitmore Today Chinese mobility Chinese economic geography Hong Kong Japan  Physical geography & hazards

13. © T. M. Whitmore Chinese Mobility Shift from bicycles to cars Maoist structure – small urban collectives Shift to suburban structure  “Big Box” stores Highway construction Now #3 producer of cars

15. Ng Han Guan, AP, USA Today

16. www.lutherie.net/sold.jpg

18. © T. M. Whitmore Chinese history Chinese dynasties from 200s BC to ~ 1911  Manchu or Qing Dynasty mid 1600s - 1911 European trade and influence 1700s onward Japanese empire Post WWII - rise of Communists

20. © T. M. Whitmore

21. Silk and Porcelain Products Desired by Europeans - Chinese traded for silver/gold

22. Opium Wars – British push for control of trade

24. © T. M. Whitmore Japanese Empire in WW II

25. © T. M. Whitmore Post WW2 – Rise of Communism Communist takeover in 1949 led by Mao Zedong Centrally planned command economy 1960s – stamp out capitalism Mao died in 1976

26. © T. M. Whitmore Chinese Economic geography China’s North (Manchuria) North China plain Lower Yangtze river basin (Shanghai)  Industrial development Sichuan basin South coastal region  SEZ (Special Economic Zones)

27. © T. M. Whitmore Sichuan Hong Kong

28. © T. M. Whitmore © John Wiley & Sons

29. © T. M. Whitmore © John Wiley & Sons

32. Suzhou Industrial Park – in Jiangsu province (near Shanghai) www.sipac.gov.cn/english

33. SIPs Industries and Foreign Investment www.sipac.gov.cn/english

34. © T. M. Whitmore

36. © 2002 Manfred Leiter China town in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

38. Shenzhen SEZ (Special Economic Zone) - in Guangdong Province

39. © T. M. Whitmore Perspectives and problems  New economic regions  Strong economic growth  Agriculture vs pop  Pollution etc.

40. © John Wiley & Sons

41. www.trekearth.com

42. © T. M. Whitmore Hong Kong History/culture  British colony for 100 years Economy/settlement  Entrepot  Highest density of skyscrapers on earth in Victoria and Kowloon

43. © T. M. Whitmore

48. Hong Kong Harbor www.trekearth.com

50. © T. M. Whitmore Japan Physical geography  Climates from like Maine to Florida  Located on several plate margins  Many earthquakes & volcanoes  Mostly mountains

53. © T. M. Whitmore

55. “Ring of Fire”

56. ‘Quakes 1900-2000

57. © T. M. Whitmore

58. Earthquake Location 5.1 - 3/29/07 – Yesterday USGS.gov