1. Chapter 4 Research
UP B Class

2. Finding Credible Sources
Not all information your find is true
Steps for Examining Sources:
1- The author’s credentials: personal experiences or academic qualifications.
2- associations or affiliations: the author or publisher.
3- any noticeable bias from the source: Finding unbiased sources is nearly impossible, question the information
4-Does the author cite any sources? Make sure the sources stand up to scrutiny
5- Date of source: Check the dates on any source

3. Finding Credible Sources
6-Incomplete or abridged: missing information or out of context 7- Reviews or Endorsement: positive reviews or endorsements 8- Reputable source: If it is reputable, then using this source is safe. 9- Loaded or vague terms: avoid sources that use terms like “many people believe” 10- Ulterior motive or agenda

4. Evaluating for Areas of Bias
All sources will be biased in some way
Each person has a perspective that influences the way they present their information
Just because something is biased does not mean it’s not useful

5. Steps for Evaluating Bias
Primary or Secondary sources
Author admits to the bias
Author might admit to their bias
As long at it is recognized, the source is still useful
Bias help support paper
Some biases can be beneficial to research
Source purposefully misleading
Avoid sources that are vague, misleading, or incomplete

6. Other Things to Consider
Consider the type of source that will be most useful
Might be a wide range of books or journals on your topic
Think about the appropriateness of a particular source
Too informal or too formal  inappropriate sources
Ask for help!

7. Using the Library Best place to start a Research paper
Librarian’s and assistants:
Librarians help in finding the sources for the students
Types of sources available:
Internet research
Books, periodicals, journals
Large quantities of quality unbiased sources

8. Using the Library
Come up with some key words or phrases and write down the name of book and location in the library
Use synonyms for key words too
Pick up the key topics that suits for a research paper
For long research paper : Encyclopedias , and various reference books are used
Find for the narrower results that suits specific topic

9. Periodicals
News papers, magazines, and journals are examples for periodicals.
These help to find out the topic very quickly and more specifically
Periodicals are replaced with online databases because they are updated and can search larger quantity of information

10. Using Online Library Databases.
Online library databases are the best sources of articles.
It`s similar to searching the internet for information.
Find excerpts from books and other sources on these databases.
Academic databases are different from generic search engines.

11. How to select and search online databases.
The library has information about how to access the online databases .
If you don`t find this information, ask a librarian for information about the online databases.
In most cases, you will find the list of databases in a computer in the library.

12. How to select and search online databases.
To make the best use of these databases there are steps during your search:
Find databases pertaining specifically to your topic, if possible.
Set up the search parameters within the database to be as narrow as possible.
Slowly expand your search to get additional results.
Move to the next database or a more general database in needed.

13. Find databases pertaining specifically to your topic, if possible.
Check the brief overview.
Ask a librarian.
Ask your professor for recommendations.

14. Set up the search parameters within the database to be as narrow as possible.
To get the most pertinent information
Determine which options are available.
Include articles within a specific date range.

15. Slowly expand your search to get additional results.
Your specific search will return few results.
These results will be easier to sift through and will be current and applicable.
If you don`t enough sources, start to expand you’re the types of journals.

16. Move to the next database or a more general database in needed.
If you have a thoroughly searched one database.
You can move to another to find more or better results.
Different databases can present different jornals and archives.

17. Using the Internet Types of extensions for websites:
1. com: for commercial business or group.
2. net: means network and its use is for information technology.
3. org: organization, used for personal websites and nonprofits organization.
4. edu: for educational.
5. gov: for government.

18. Why Wikipedia is not safe source?
Anonymous online community of users runs Wikipedia
Wikipedia is often criticized for containing bias
Having spoof articles
Lacking citations

19. Wikipedia
DO:
Check images, graphs and others figures, they can be useful
Check to see if the article has been flagged for any issues
Examine the sources listed at the bottom of the article
DON’T:
Treat Wikipedia as scholarly source
Quote or paraphrase Wikipedia in a paper
Accept everything written on Wikipedia as true

20. Using Blog Resource
Internet specific rules to keep in mind while evaluating potential online sources
1.Check the authorship of online information.
2. Look for the date the website was last updated.
Try to verify any credentials an author claims to have.
Check for citations when they seem necessary.