1. Five Themes of Geography (Mr. Help)
Movement
Region
Human-
environment interaction
Location
Place

3. Key Issue #2 Why is Each Point on Earth Unique?
Place: A unique location
Region: A unique area

4. Place
“Place” is what makes it unique and different than any other place
Since no two places on earth are the same, what is it that makes them different?
How to describe “Location” of place:
Toponym (place name) is only useful if people know where the place name is referring too
Site – climate, topography, access to water, soil, vegetation, etc. (can be modified by humans)
Situation – find an unfamiliar place or it’s importance
Mathematical (absolute)

8. Describe the site and situation of Lower Moreland Township

9. Region
An area of Earth defined by one or more distinctive characteristics
Region derives it’s unified character through the cultural landscape
The cultural landscape or regional studies approach in geography began in France 19th century
Carl Sauer (American geographer) defines it as “an area fashioned from nature by a cultural group”

10. Region
“Region” is an organizational tool or method of classifying information
You can organize by
geographic location
language
religion
Many other ways
The “region” depends on the classification and can change

11. Types of Regions
Formal – uniform or homogeneous region where everyone share in one or more common distinctive characteristic(s)
Functional – is an area organized around a node or focal point (dominates at the center (node) and diminishes in importance outward
Vernacular –perceptual region, is a place that people believe exists as part of their cultural identity

13. Spatial Association
Different conclusions may be reached concerning a region’s characteristics depending on its scale
Geographers conclude that factors with similar distributions have spatial association

15. Key Issue #3 Why are Different Places Similar? Scale: Local to Global
Space: Distribution of features
Connections between Places

16. Globalization of economy
Scale: Local to Global
Globalization of economy
Role of transnational corporations
Globalization of culture

21. Workers leaving the flooded Western Digital factory in Bang Pa-In, Thailand. The plant makes a critical part for computer hard drives. 2011

23. Globalization of Culture

27. Globalization How is it changing the world
While it is impossible to count all of the ways globalization is changing the world, here are three major changes we can easily observe:
Increased spatial interaction
Cultural homogenization
Economic interdependence

29. Space Distribution of Features (Three properties)
Density is the frequency with which something occurs in space
Arithmetic density, Physiological density and Agriculture density
Concentration is the extent of a feature’s spread over space
Objects close together are clustered and objects relatively far apart are dispersed
Pattern is the geometric arrangement of objects in space

35. Cultural Identity in Space
Distribution across space
More space for ball fields than ballet studios
Movement across space
By gender (male/female)
By ethnicity

37. Why Are Different Places Similar?
Cultural Identity in Space
Patterns in space vary according to gender, ethnicity, sexuality.
The cultural landscape has the ability to communicate to people what the accepted norm is within a place.
Ex. A bar or park that makes whites feel welcomed and people of color unwelcomed (or vice versa)
Ex. An inviting shopping district to people practicing alternative lifestyles located in close proximity to where many same-sex couples live
Humanistic geography is a branch of human geography that emphasizes the different ways that individuals perceive their surrounding environment.

38. Why Are Different Places Similar?
Spatial Interaction
The farther away someone is from you, the less likely you two are to interact.
Trailing-off phenomenon of diminishing contact with the increase in distance is called distance decay.
Electronic communications have almost removed barriers to interaction between people who are far apart.
Access to the technology is of interest to geographers.
Core: North America, Western Europe, and Japan
Periphery: Africa, Asia, and Latin America
The increasing gap in economic conditions between regions in the core and periphery that results from the globalization of the economy is known as on uneven development.

39. FIGURE 1-35 INCOME GAP BETWEEN RICH AND POOR COUNTRIES Income has increased much more rapidly in developed countries than in developing ones.

40. Connections between Places
Connections are the relationship between people and objects across the barrier of space
Diffusion – process where characteristic spreads across space from one place to another over time (originates hearth)
Relocation and Expansion