1. Earthquake and Civil Engineering Dynamics Research John Macdonald et al.

2. Earthquake and Civil Engineering Dynamics Research Scope of research Seismic hazard, soil, structure, elements, interactions, … Ill-defined boundaries Structures, statics, materials, fatigue, seismology, systems, aerodynamics, biomechanics, … Opportunities Nuclear & renewable energy Methods Experiments – shaking table, element, bespoke rigs, full-scale Analysis - Non-linear dynamics, FEM, DEM

3. Research themes Seismic risk and loss estimation Non-linear dynamics Soil dynamics and soil-structure interaction Wind and pedestrian-induced vibrations Composite materials and fatigue Systems view of performance

4. Seismic loss estimation (Katsu Goda)

5. Micro MesoMacro Seismic Structure-Soil-Structure Interaction (Nick Alexander, Erdin Ibraim, Hisham Aldaikh) Understand the critical emergent behaviour of the system Linear and non-linear domains Analytical/Numerical/Experimental (shaking table) Long term objective City seismic vulnerability

6. Non-linear Dynamics of Masonry Panels (Colin Taylor, Adam Crewe) Out-of-plane behaviour Unreinforced masonry panels

8. Non-linear Cable Dynamics (John Macdonald, Matt Dietz, Simon Neild, David Wagg, Adam Crewe) Excitation frequency Response amplitude Input amplitude Response amplitude Stability boundaries

9. Non-linear Tuned Mass Dampers (Nick Alexander, Colin Taylor) t(s) Friuly earthquake Cubic nonlinear stiffness

10. Non-linear Dynamics of Damage-Resilient Buildings (Ollie Oddbjornsson, Nick Alexander, Colin Taylor, Adam Crewe) Quarter Scale Physical Model Stiffness and response frequency characteristics Beam-Column Joint Nonlinear resonance response curve of the physical model Theoretical response

11. UK NEES – Distributed Testing (Matt Dietz, Adam Crewe) Synchronous distributed testing of self centring frame with shear dampers

12. Soil-structure interaction of soil foundations for offshore wind turbines (Daniella Escribano, James Cox, David Nash, Suby Bhattacharya, Andrea Diambra, Domenico Lombardi, Sam Hayhurst) changing soil stiffness may result in cumulative long term deformations and altered dynamic response long term cyclic loading due to wind and waves subject soil elements to simplified cyclic stress history in laboratory and observe changes of dynamic stiffness and deformation

13. Soil sample subjected to cyclic deviatoric stress changes. Instrumentation includes boundary stresses, local strain measurement, pore pressure and bender elements. time thousands of cycles Soil element testing in the Geomechanics laboratory

14. Physical testing of soil-structure interaction Clay (Different forcing amplitudes) Sand (Different sand densities) Changes in measured natural frequencies

15. Dynamic behaviour of soils reinforced with long inclusions (piles) (Erdin Ibraim, Colin Taylor, Matt Dietz, Luiza Dihoru) Modelling: homogenisation (ENTPE Lyon) Testing: analogue material reinforced with periodic inclusions

16. Cubical Cell Apparatus (CCA) Micro-scale DEM at Imperial College Macro-scale CCA at University of Bristol Dynamic measurements: Bender/Extender elements Static stress probing: High resolution non-contact sensors (in progress) Micromechanics of seismic wave propagation in granular materials (Erdin Ibraim, Martin Lings, Ignacio Cavaretta, Simon Hamlin) Wave propagation measurements

17. Wind-induced vibrations of slender structures - cable galloping (John Macdonald, Nick Nikitas, Joe Symes) Passive dynamic cable model in 3m x 6m wind tunnel in Canada Forced dynamic cable model in wind tunnel in Bristol Amplitude limited by aerodynamic non-linearity Vibration amplitude (m) from galloping analysis (c.f. site observations 5.4m)

18. Pedestrian-structure interaction (John Macdonald, Jeremy Burn, Mateusz Bocian) Pedestrian model Motion of bridge and pedestrians Bridge responses from simulations 180 pedestrians 270 pedestrians 400 pedestrians

19. Unique 100T test frame 8m span, 3.7m wide bridge Cellular orthotropic decking 60 million cycles of loading from tyres of heavy lorries Understand response local to simulated tyre loads Supported by Highways Agency, Institution of Civil Engineers, Mouchel. Fatigue of composite bridge decks (Wendel Sebastian, Joel Ross)

20. Summary - Research themes Seismic risk and loss estimation Non-linear dynamics Soil dynamics and soil-structure interaction Wind and pedestrian-induced vibrations Composite materials and fatigue Systems view of performance