1. The Network of Information: Architecture and Applications SAIL – Scalable and Adaptable Internet Solutions Bengt Ahlgren et. al. 2011 Presented by wshin 2012-05-21

2. Agenda Architectural Elements – Transport – Caching – Security – API Applications – Localized CDN – Events with large crowd

3. Transport NetInf Transport Service (NTS) Chunk-based request/delivery enables Receiver-Driven Transport Multi-point communication Two approaches – Convergence layer providing chunk request and transport services – End-to-End transport protocols

4. Transport: Chunking Chunk – Application data units(ADUs) such as video frames – A fragment of a bigger IO – Smallest addressable and verifiable unit Static objects: – Provides a way to split and move through multiple paths. – Failure exclusion (with per chunk auth) – Caching Dynamic objects: – Pre authentication before receiving all the chunks

5. Transport: Receiver-Driven Transport Receiver Driven – Requester requests IOs / Publisher providing (chunks of) such IOs – Multiple NetInf nodes can attempt to fulfill such requests. Caching – on-path cache having chunks responds – on-path nodes without chunks caches them

6. Transport: Multipoint to Point Path Selection – Choice depends on performance (Attained throughput, response time) – These information is updated by the receiver. Joint “path selection and rate control” – Receiver manages the use of available routes and load balances. (Receiver determined multi-path)

8. Transport: Multicast Request de-duplication / Data duplication – Request aggregation / duplication by each nodes – Requires state to remember up / down paths MDHT based multicast – NRS feature – MDHT used as a multicast distribution tree – Multicast session ID distributed into MDHT – MDHT constructs a shared distribution tree (Request aggregated, data duplicated)

10. NTS Convergence Layer Rationale – Multi-domain / multi-technology approach Convergence Layers – An abstraction layer covering various domains and transport mechanisms. – A cross-domain transport layer. – Convergence layer adaptor – Chunk request publish / Store forward

12. NTS end-to-end approach Shortcomings of the Convergence Layer – Out of order chunk transmission requires state mgmt Stateless End-to-end transport session – State is maintained at the endpoints – Intermediate nodes are relieved from all the operations above. – Caching can only be done in the resolution nodes and/or in the edge nodes.

13. NTS end-to-end approach A receiver-based congestion control – Rate Control Protocol (RCP) NetInf packets carries RCP congestion headers (RTT, Desired rate, Feedback rate) – Congestion control is receiver-oriented Data receive trigger the progression of the congestion window and provide the rate feedback. – Throughput: Ratio of the congestion window size to the flow RTT

14. Caching Cache Management Proactive Caching Caching in DTN

15. Caching: Management Tradeoffs – Efficiency determined by various performance metrics. – Placement Popularity based model – Hit rate Bandwidth-lookup / Latency-hit model – Cooperated caches – Bandwidth required for signalling vs hits

16. Caching: Proactive caching Proactive data placement – For efficiency Monitoring function – subscriptions monitored Proactive client function – Remotely instructed by the monitoring function to subscribe a new content.

18. Caching in DTN Caching method using existing DTN facilities Make use of the bundle protocol (store-and- forward networking) – Custody request: from the sender to request each nodes in the path to answer any retransmission requests – Bundle Protocol Query extension : Information already in the DTN can be queried (Directing DTN cached data requests to be responded) – Both Handled by a node or by the DTN gateway.

20. Security: Threats and Countermeasures [Threats] * Content Mismatch[CM] * Content Snooping [CS] * Privacy Invasion [PI] * False Content Injection [FC] * Unauthorized access [UA] * Cache Pollution [CP] * False accusation [FA] * Mis-Routing [MR] Hash based verification PKI XKMS DANE CCN style adhoc PKI Kerberos like key sharing “Integration of above”

21. API Basic primitives (operations for NetInf layer communications)

22. Applications: Localized CDN Overview – Next Generation Mobile Communications Networks – User generated content use case Implementation – Local / Global NRSs : Rendezvous's scoped publishing – Proactive cache : Places data close to the clients

23. Applications: Localized CDN

24. Applications: Event with Large Crowds Events with large crowds – Large crowds subscribing events with limited uplink bandwidth Nodes create an ad-hoc mesh network – Bluetooth, WiFi and other suitable tech. Exploits – Caching – Broadcasting and link sharing

26. Summary ICN realization effort (Project SAIL) Architectural Elements Integration of previous approaches Adaptive approach Prototyping and verification Standardization