1. The Three Reproduction Processes By: Farah Radwan, Nadeeshi Wilegoda, Ajantha Nades, Helen Okorie, Arianna Gholami and Danielle Class: 7-3

2. Menstruation Definition– An unpenetrated egg and part of the Endometrium leave the body through bleeding also known as a female’s period. Definition– An unpenetrated egg and part of the Endometrium leave the body through bleeding also known as a female’s period. This occurs in females only. This occurs in females only. Estrogen and Progesterone are female hormones which are important for menstruation. An egg is released from the ovaries and into the fallopian tubes. If the egg is not penetrated it dissolves in the fallopian tubes. The uterus is covered with blood so it is prepared for a fertilized egg. If the egg isn’t fertilized the body doesn’t need the blood lining so the dissolved egg and the uterus lining (endometrium) are released out of the body. A word for the egg and Endometrium leaving the body is “shed.” Estrogen and Progesterone are female hormones which are important for menstruation. An egg is released from the ovaries and into the fallopian tubes. If the egg is not penetrated it dissolves in the fallopian tubes. The uterus is covered with blood so it is prepared for a fertilized egg. If the egg isn’t fertilized the body doesn’t need the blood lining so the dissolved egg and the uterus lining (endometrium) are released out of the body. A word for the egg and Endometrium leaving the body is “shed.” If the egg isn’t released from the ovaries into the fallopian tubes it has no chance of being penetrated by a sperm. If a sperm doesn’t penetrate the egg, conception cannot happen and a baby cannot be created. Also, from prior knowledge, we know that if a woman does not get her period (have menstruation) she is unable to have children. If the egg isn’t released from the ovaries into the fallopian tubes it has no chance of being penetrated by a sperm. If a sperm doesn’t penetrate the egg, conception cannot happen and a baby cannot be created. Also, from prior knowledge, we know that if a woman does not get her period (have menstruation) she is unable to have children.

3. Spermatogenesis Definition- Spermatogenesis is the process in which sperm is created in the males body. Definition- Spermatogenesis is the process in which sperm is created in the males body. This only occurs in males. This only occurs in males. Males produce millions of sperm per day starting from when they begin puberty and from there on for the rest of the male’s life. Testosterone is a male hormone which produces the sperm. Testosterone is made in the male’s testicles. One sperm will take up to 70 days to be fully grown. The sperm will then travel from the testicles through the Epididymis. The Epididymis is a tube which keeps the sperm until they are mature and intercourse and ejaculation occur. The Prostate Gland and the Seminal Vesicles make “seminal fluids.” During intercourse the sperm goes from the Epididymis to the Vas Deferens. The Vas Deferens are also tubes but they lead to the Urethra. From the Urethra the sperm and “seminal fluids” come together and make semen. According to the Information sheet the semen contains 500 million sperm. Males produce millions of sperm per day starting from when they begin puberty and from there on for the rest of the male’s life. Testosterone is a male hormone which produces the sperm. Testosterone is made in the male’s testicles. One sperm will take up to 70 days to be fully grown. The sperm will then travel from the testicles through the Epididymis. The Epididymis is a tube which keeps the sperm until they are mature and intercourse and ejaculation occur. The Prostate Gland and the Seminal Vesicles make “seminal fluids.” During intercourse the sperm goes from the Epididymis to the Vas Deferens. The Vas Deferens are also tubes but they lead to the Urethra. From the Urethra the sperm and “seminal fluids” come together and make semen. According to the Information sheet the semen contains 500 million sperm.

4. Spermatogenesis Continued… Continuing the last sentence of prior slide------ The sperm will go into the woman’s cervix and penetrate the egg which will now create the baby. The sperm is very important since it carries the babies genes (genetic information). This is important for reproduction because without the sperm penetrating the egg, no baby is created. Also without the sperm the baby will not have any genetic information. This is important for reproduction because without the sperm penetrating the egg, no baby is created. Also without the sperm the baby will not have any genetic information.

5. Fertilization Definition- This is when the sperm penetrates the egg and after this the embryo is made. This occurs in both males and females because without the sperm and the egg Fertilization cannot happen. This process occurs when the sperm penetrates the egg which is also known as conception. After this a baby is made because the cells start to divide which creates the body of the baby. Then the cells attach to the uterus wall, which is the thick layer of blood, because this will nourish the baby. According to the “Information About the Three Reproduction Processes” sheet, the cells attaching to the uterus wall is called “Implantation.” After this the cells are an embryo. The Menstruation cycle is then paused until the baby is born. Seven days is the approximate time it takes from fertilization to the cells settling down in the uterus (implantation).

6. Fertilization Continued… This is important to the reproduction cycle because without fertilization, reproduction can never occur since fertilization is the process which creates a baby. Extra to: How Fertilization Happens--- According to the human fertilization video, the sperm would enter the female’s vagina and then it will reach the cervix (the opening to the uterus). Then the sperm goes in the uterus and then to the fallopian tubes and all the sperm try to break the protection around the egg and only one sperm will be able to break through and penetrate the egg. All this cannot happen if a woman has not menstruated and a male has not produced sperm.

7. Pictures of the Menstrual Cycle This is an egg that has been released from the ovaries and going into the fallopian tube. This is a picture of the Fallopian Tube.

8. Pictures of the Menstrual Cycle Continued… This is the egg in the fallopian tube. During the egg’s time in the fallopian tube, a sperm can penetrate it. If it isn’t penetrated the body doesn’t need the egg or Endometrium. So a female menstruates and the Endometrium and egg leave the body.

9. Pictures of Spermatogenesis This is a males testicles where testosterone and sperm are produced. This is a picture of the millions of sperm which are produced in the testicles each day.

10. Spermatogenesis Pictures Continued This is the place where the genetic information is. This helps create the baby.

11. Pictures of Spermatogenesis Continued… This is a sperm in the Epididymis, becoming mature so that it is ready to be ejaculated and penetrate the egg during and after sexual intercourse.

12. Pictures of Fertilization This is a picture of the sperm trying to break the protective barrier around the egg. Only one sperm will be able to break through and penetrate the egg.

13. Photos of Fertilization Continued… In this picture several sperm are trying to penetrate the egg. Once a sperm penetrated the egg the egg will form a protective barrier so no more sperm enters.

14. Photos of Fertilization Continued… The sperm is now fertilizing the egg. This is when conception happens. This is the fertilized egg. It contains many cells. This is called cell division.

15. Photos of Fertilization Continued… This is a picture of the egg after it has been penetrated. The egg has come from the fallopian tube and stuck to the uterus wall. This is known as the womb where the baby is developed.

16. Photos After Fertilization!!! Since the egg is now fertilized, the baby is able to develop over time. This is how it looks at 8 weeks. It takes months in the uterus because the baby needs to form and organize the genetic information.

17. Pictures After Fertilization Continued… This is a baby at 36 weeks in developing. You can see that the baby is almost formed and genetically created. So the baby will start moving around inside the egg. When the baby is ready, it will come out of the female’s vagina.

18. Describing Our Slide Pictures The clocks represent the time it takes for all these processes to happen and become completed. Also it represents the amount of time it takes for a baby to grow in the woman’s uterus. The pictures of the papers represent birth certificates for the babies and DNA papers.

19. Bibliography: 1.URL: http://www.cchs.net/health/health- info/docs/2300/2376.asphttp://www.cchs.net/health/health- info/docs/2300/2376.asp 2.Information about the three reproductive processes sheet 3.The three links posted on wiki under “In Class” 4.The Male/Female Anatomy/Reproductive system sheet 5. prior knowledge

20. Thank You For Watching!