1. LESSONS FROM PAST NOTABLE EARTHQUAKES. Part I Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

2. EARTHQAKES ARE DYNAMIC LABORATORIES FOR LEARNING AND CATALYSTS FOR BUILDING CAPACITY FOR DISASTER-INTELLIGENT & DISASTER-RESILIENT COMMUNITES

3. PAST NOTABLE EARTHQUAKES SISCHUAN, CHINA MAY 12, 2008

5. WITHIN MINUTES AND HOURS Forty-four of the counties and districts of the Sishuan Province were directly affected.Forty-four of the counties and districts of the Sishuan Province were directly affected.

6. 45,690,000 people were affected by the disaster.

7. CHINA EARTHQUAKE: MAY 12 2008

8. LESSONS LEARNED FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE  ALL NOTABLE EARTHQUAKES  PREPAREDNESS PLANNING FOR THE INEVITABLE STRONG GROUND MOTION IS ESSENTIAL FOR COMMUNITY RESILIENCE.

9. LESSONS LEARNED FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE  ALL NOTABLE EARTHQUAKES  PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS AND INFRASTRUCTURE IS ESSENTIAL FOR COMMUNITY RESILIENCE.

10. A PROTECTION NIGHTMARE: COLLAPSED BUILDINGS: BEICHUAN

11. A PROTECTION NIGHTMARE: COLLAPSED MIDDLE SCHOOL-- JUYUAN

12. COLLAPSED HOME: JUYUAN

13. TEMPORARY HOUSING: MINGYANG

14. COLLAPSED BUILDINGS: DUJIANGYAN

15. ANTICIPATING AFTERSHOCKS: CHENGDU

16. ANTICIPATING AFTERSHOCKS: MINGQIANG

17. LESSONS LEARNED FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE  ALL NOTABLE EARTHQUAKES  PREPAREDNESS PLANNING FOR THE INEVITABLE GROUND FAILURE IS ESSENTIAL FOR COMMUNITY RESILIENCE.

18. LANDSLIDE: BEICHUAN

19. WORKING ON “QUAKE LAKE”

20. LESSONS LEARNED FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE  ALL NOTABLE EARTHQUAKES  CAPACITY FOR INTELLIGENT EMERGENCY RESPONSE IS ESSENTIAL FOR COMMUNITY RESILIENCE.

21. EMERGENCY RESPONSE HINDERED BY AFTERSHOCKS According to the China Seismological Bureau, 10,068 aftershocks were detected within 3 weeks after the main shock.

22. COLLAPSED BUILDINGS: DUJIANGYAN

23. ADDITIONAL 30,000 SOLDIERS SENT TO SPEED UP SEARCH & RESCUE

24. SOLDIERS FACILITATE SEARCH AND RESCUE: BEICHUAN

25. TIAWAN'S SEARCH AND RESCUE TEAMS PREPARING TO GO

26. SEARCH AND RESCUE TEAM: DUJIANGYAN

27. SEARCH AND RESCUE: DUJIANGYAN

28. PREGNANT WOMAN RESCUED: DUJIANGYAN

29. SOLDIERS REPAIR CRACKS IN ZIPINGPU DAM: DUJIANGYAN

30. MEDICAL CARE FOR THE INJURED MEDICAL CARE FOR THE INJURED

31. TEMPORARY MEDICAL FACILITIES: NINGQIANG

32. INJURED WAIT FOR MEDICAL SERVICES:

33. LESSONS LEARNED FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE  ALL NOTABLE EARTHQUAKES  CAPACITY FOR RECOVERY AND RECONSTRUCTION IS ESSENTIAL FOR COMMUNITY RESILIENCE.

34. CLEANUP AND RECONSTRUCTION UNDERWAY: JULY 9, 2008 CLEANUP AND RECONSTRUCTION UNDERWAY: JULY 9, 2008

35. DIMENSIONS OF THE RECOVERY AND RECONSTRUCTION PROCESS DIMENSIONS OF THE RECOVERY AND RECONSTRUCTION PROCESS

36. TWENTY-ONE DAYS LATER Within three weeks, the death toll, which would eventually reach 88,000, reached 69,107 Within three weeks, the death toll, which would eventually reach 88,000, reached 69,107 The number of injured reached 373,577The number of injured reached 373,577

37. TWENTY-ONE DAYS LATER 1,064,591 people were evacuated from damaged and destroyed homes or homes threatened by floods to safer places.

38. TWENTY-ONE DAYS LATER Fifteen million homeless and displaced people had been housed in tent cities and temporary shelters across the region.Fifteen million homeless and displaced people had been housed in tent cities and temporary shelters across the region.

39. TWENTY-ONE DAYS LATER The government had allocated 23.074 billion yuan (3.33 billion U.S. dollars) for quake relief efforts.The government had allocated 23.074 billion yuan (3.33 billion U.S. dollars) for quake relief efforts. The relief fund included 18.68 billion yuan from the central budget and 4.394 billion yuan from local budgets. The relief fund included 18.68 billion yuan from the central budget and 4.394 billion yuan from local budgets.

40. TWENTY-ONE DAYS LATER Domestic and foreign donations reached 42.364 billion yuan (6.11 billion U.S. dollars), up 624 million yuan overnight.Domestic and foreign donations reached 42.364 billion yuan (6.11 billion U.S. dollars), up 624 million yuan overnight. 12.1 billion yuan had been forwarded to the most severely affected areas.12.1 billion yuan had been forwarded to the most severely affected areas.

41. TWENTY-ONE DAYS LATER 749,200 tents, one of the most urgently needed relief supplies, had been delivered to stricken families. 749,200 tents, one of the most urgently needed relief supplies, had been delivered to stricken families. A total of 4,416,100 quilts and 11,700,200 garments had also been delivered to stricken regions. A total of 4,416,100 quilts and 11,700,200 garments had also been delivered to stricken regions.

42. TWENTY-ONE DAYS LATER Relief workers had built 15,500 temporary houses and another 10,600 were being put together.Relief workers had built 15,500 temporary houses and another 10,600 were being put together. The material for 45,700 makeshift houses had arrived in the impacted areas.The material for 45,700 makeshift houses had arrived in the impacted areas.

43. TEMPORARY HOUSING As of Tuesday, July 8 th, relief workers had built 447,600 temporary houses and another 23,600 were ready to install. As of Tuesday, July 8 th, relief workers had built 447,600 temporary houses and another 23,600 were ready to install. The materials for 50,600 new shelters had arrived in the affected areas. The materials for 50,600 new shelters had arrived in the affected areas.

44. TENTS, QUILTS, GARMENTS, AND FUEL About 1.58 million tents, 4.87 million quilts, 14.1 million garments, and 1.84 million tons of fuel oil had been sent to the quake-hit areas.

45. ROAD RESTORATION As of Wednesday noon, July 9th, 52,418 km of the 53,295 km of roads damaged in the quake, had been restored to service.

46. BEICHUAN COUNTY As a part of the reconstruction process, soldiers helped by disinfecting and cleaning up Beichuan, one of the areas that was razed to the ground after suffering heavy damage.

47. NEW POLICY: JUNE 8TH Premier Wen Jiabao signed a regulation on reconstruction which established the “protection of the ecological environment with economic and social development" as a guiding principle.

48. DEBRIS AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS DEBRIS AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS When China's military had disposed of 8 million cubic meters of debris, cleanup had barely begun, and the tip of the environmental iceberg was barely exposed. When China's military had disposed of 8 million cubic meters of debris, cleanup had barely begun, and the tip of the environmental iceberg was barely exposed.

49. WATER Contaminated water is one of the biggest environmental issues to ascertain after the earthquake. Contaminated water is one of the biggest environmental issues to ascertain after the earthquake.

50. Concern about long-term health impacts is well founded as a result of adverse environmental impacts on soil, air, and water. Concern about long-term health impacts is well founded as a result of adverse environmental impacts on soil, air, and water. LONG TERM HEALTH IMPACTS

51. THE RECONSTRUCTION DEMANDS ARE HUGE According to the State Council Information Office, about 5,461,900 houses collapsed, 5,932,500 houses were seriously damaged, and another 21 million need repairs.

52. DEATHS, INJURED, AND MISSING The official death toll stood at 69,197 as of Wednesday, July 9 th, according to the State Council Information Office. The official death toll stood at 69,197 as of Wednesday, July 9 th, according to the State Council Information Office. The number of injured and missing stood at 374,176 and 18,379 respectively The number of injured and missing stood at 374,176 and 18,379 respectively

53. DISASTER FUNDS The government disaster relief fund reached 56.088 billion yuan (about 8.19 billion U.S. dollars), including 50.748 billion yuan from the central budget and 5.34 billion yuan from the local budget.

54. DONATIONS Domestic and foreign donations reached 56.925 billion yuan in cash and goods, of which 20.479 billion yuan was forwarded to the hardest hit areas.