1. VCU Information Systems Institute Advanced Delivery Methodology Courtesy of Data Management That Works

2. VCU Information Systems Institute Why use a Methodology? l To help use resources wisely l To help ensure that systems meet owners’ and users’ expectations l To help standardize projects so that lessons may be learned can become part of the Enterprise’s culture

3. VCU Information Systems Institute Standish Group 1995 Study l They talked to IS executives and managers and evaluated 385 companies in major industries like: banking, manufacturing, retail, health care, insurance, and government. l The research represented 8,380 applications in development or deployed in 1995.

4. VCU Information Systems Institute Staggering Statistics l US Organizations spend more than $250 Billion each year on more than 175,000 Information Technology projects. l 31% of these projects will be cancelled, $81 Billion spent without results. l About half of projects cost nearly twice their original estimates (53% & 189%). l About $59 Billion is spent for projects that eventually complete, but exceed original time & cost estimates. l Overall, 16% of software projects are completed on time and in budget, only 9% in largest organizations studied.

5. VCU Information Systems Institute More Staggering Statistics l Projects completed by the largest companies have only 42% of originally proposed features and functions. l For smaller companies, 78% reach deployment with at least 74% of their original features and functions.

6. VCU Information Systems Institute Factors for Success l The Standish Group found these key factors for excellence in IT project delivery: » User involvement » Clear requirement statement » Executive and management support » Formal methodolgy

7. VCU Information Systems Institute Comparison of Methodologies l Traditional Systems Development Methodology » Typical of shops using 3GL » Analyze --> Specify --> Design --> Develop --> Test & Debug --> Deliver l Advanced Delivery Methodology » As practiced by UniData’s professional services teams using SB+ 4GL, postrelational application environment » Expertize in 4GL tools and business processes --> Analysis through Joint Application Design & Prototyping --> Specification --> Dynamic Rapid Application Development --> Quality Assurance by Developer & Acceptor --> Delivery

8. VCU Information Systems Institute Traditional Methodology AnalysisDesign System Specification Development Test & Debug Deliverable System Iterations

9. VCU Information Systems Institute All too often... AnalysisDesign System Specification Development Test & Debug Deliverable System Iterations

10. VCU Information Systems Institute Problems with Traditional Methodology l It is not flexible » End-user is restricted by initial specifications and doesn’t know it until post-delivery » No user buy-in, little influence in specification or design l It is risky » Developers don’t communicate with end-users for most of the design & development trade-offs and decisions » Deliverable systems may ‘miss the boat’ l Long Delivery Cycles » High costs » Not responsive to business needs

11. VCU Information Systems Institute A Modern Methodology l Advanced Delivery Methodology (ADM) » Development team knows 4GL environment and is familiar with users’ applications and expectations » Joint Application Design (JAD) workshops involve developers and end-users – Ensure and encourage high end-user involvement and ownership in software design and implementation – Enables ongoing and instant feedback on work-in-progress and deliverable, avoids ‘missing the boat’ – Enhances and develops communications and relationships with the customers (KEY success factor!) – Goal is a prototype, not a deliverable application system

12. VCU Information Systems Institute Friendly JAD l Design workshop with developers and end-users Team of Users & Developers do Joint Application Design Developers use Rapid Application Development to prototype systems

13. VCU Information Systems Institute Advanced Delivery Methodology l Features software prototyping with minimal commitment to final design » Ensures functional objectives are being met through interim checkpoints » Provides the ability to identify changes in scope quickly and cost-effectively » Encourages user involvement in system design and trade- offs, executives and management see results and costs » Enhances and develops communications with the customers

14. VCU Information Systems Institute Dynamic RAD Approach Presentation Reports - Forms - Menus Business Logic Validations - Defaults Navigation Flow - Security Database Schema File Definitions Transaction & Update Definitions

15. VCU Information Systems Institute An Application Module Presentation Business Logic Database Schema

16. VCU Information Systems Institute Dynamic RAD Presentation Business Logic Database Schema Vertical Prototyping Horizontal Prototyping Order Entry Purchasing Scheduling G/L & Tax

17. VCU Information Systems Institute Application Development JAD RAD Development

18. VCU Information Systems Institute Development Standards l Feature a set of pre-defined rules and standards for developers to follow » Presentation, navagation, coding, & design standards » Promotes consistency through application life cycle » Encourages use of ‘Best Practices’ by developers » Customization is specifically for each project » Allows continuous enhancement and update

19. VCU Information Systems Institute Advanced Delivery Methodology JADRADQA

20. VCU Information Systems Institute Quality Assurance l ADM features an easy method to provide QA-on-the-fly » Unit testing rather than module testing » Facilitates easy problem isolation » Minimizes programmiing errors (bugs) » Reduces QA time requirements » Traps significant design issues well in advance

21. VCU Information Systems Institute Advanced Delivery Methodology JADRADQA

22. VCU Information Systems Institute Structured Project Management l Each phase in the methodolgy is treated as a ‘project’ with: » a particular end-product » a deliverer » an acceptor l The project management process is easily adapted, since the principles remain the same.

23. VCU Information Systems Institute Formal Project Management l Utilizes formal procedures: » Estimating » Deliverable Acceptance » Scope Changes » QA & Testing » Project Status Reporting & Tracking l Project Book includes: » Estimating templates, deliverable acceptance, change requests, unit test results, QA checklists, project status reports, project time sheets

24. VCU Information Systems Institute Formal Project Management l Tools Include: » Task based estimating » Estimating using formal methods & benchmarks » Project scheduling using Gantt & Pert charts » Monitoring budget vs. actual » Time tracking per task/resource » Progressive, periodical project reporting » Allows early warning on task slippage » Enables delivery on-time & within budget

25. VCU Information Systems Institute Advanced Delivery Methodology JAD RADQA System is Delivered