1. Mind Control – Array (Final Presentation) Trenton Dunn, David Moreland, David Moreland, Sabrina Vellino Sabrina Vellino April 23, 2002

2. Potential Applications Physically handicapped Physically handicapped  Mechanical prosthetics for amputees  Communication with paralyzed patients Entertainment Entertainment  Physical and mental interaction  Sensory responses received from game

3. Applications (con’t) Military applications Military applications  ELF’s to manipulate thought, emotion, and physical condition  Moving from chemical warfare into mental warfare

4. Past Research and Applications Mind Control Conspiracy or Truth? Late 1960’s Late 1960’s Telemetry Telemetry Unknowing victims Unknowing victims Chapin’s Laboratory Rat Probing Probed neuron levels in rats brain Able to successfully train rats to use their brain to retrieve water

5. Past Research and Applications Armstrong Laboratory Recent Advancement in Brain Wave Usage  Sensors externally placed on pilot’s heads  Flight simulator would bank left or right depending on concentration of brain waves.  Gloria Calhoun - successful in controlling the simulator with brain waves alone.

6. Brainwaves Delta: Delta:  0-4 Hz Theta: Theta:  4-7 Hz Alpha: Alpha:  8-13 Hz Beta: Beta:  >14 Hz Photos courtesy of www.sciam.com

7. EEG Utilization Helmet or Ear Clips Helmet or Ear Clips Amplifiers Amplifiers  including differential for noise reduction Filters Filters  monitor desired frequencies A/D Converter A/D Converter  convert raw data to digital for processing Photo courtesy of babylab.rutgers.edu

8. Currently Available Devices BrainMaster BrainMaster  $975.00 Braintrainer EEG Braintrainer EEG  $795.00 POD POD  $717.24 (1-channel) and $922.84 (2-channel) Waverider Jr. Waverider Jr.  $950.00 Mindset EEG Mindset EEG  $2,195.00

9. Current Design-highlights Differential amplifier Differential amplifier Silver/chloride coated electrodes Silver/chloride coated electrodes Direct coupled inputs Direct coupled inputs

10. Current Design-alternatives Operate IC at low bias point Operate IC at low bias point Signal output feed to filters designed to separate out alpha, beta, and theta frequencies Signal output feed to filters designed to separate out alpha, beta, and theta frequencies

11. Testing Oscilloscope Oscilloscope  Look for FFT spike at 1Hz Beta Beta  Increase caffeine in subject’s system  Promote active thinking Theta Theta  No caffeine intake for 24 hours  Produce drowsiness from Nyquil

12. Testing cont’ Must decipher between the 4 basic brainwave patterns Must decipher between the 4 basic brainwave patterns Multiple amplifiers for use of the helmet for more in-depth experimentation Multiple amplifiers for use of the helmet for more in-depth experimentation

13. Post Testing: Two Possibilities Fix / Re-build Circuit Fix / Re-build Circuit Use Design Current Design Testing Fix / Rebuild Use Design (Main Goal) Testing / Rebuild / Use process for brain wave project.

14. Fix / Re-build Add Notch Filters to External Amplifier. Add Notch Filters to External Amplifier. Re-Design to Increase Gain of Amplifier. Re-Design to Increase Gain of Amplifier. Find new circuit diagram from patents. Find new circuit diagram from patents. Build new circuit. Build new circuit. Repeat testing. Repeat testing.

15. Use Design Use A/D Converter to input to microprocessor Use A/D Converter to input to microprocessor Input Microprocessor signals into computer via USB or Serial Connection. Input Microprocessor signals into computer via USB or Serial Connection. Write HDL or High Language (C++, Java) code for using brain waves.\ Write HDL or High Language (C++, Java) code for using brain waves.\ Create multiple channels for use of brain waves. Create multiple channels for use of brain waves.

16. Order of Events Ordered parts and supplies Ordered parts and supplies Played the waiting game Played the waiting game Worked on other areas of the project Worked on other areas of the project Encountered Problem Encountered Problem Solved Problem and Started Testing Solved Problem and Started Testing

17. Oscilloscope Testing HP 54165B Capable of FFT Testing HP 54165B Capable of FFT Testing TDS 3054 Lab Scope Used for Testing TDS 3054 Lab Scope Used for Testing

18. Problem Encountered Old Amplifier was having problems Old Amplifier was having problems  Loop back circuit (AD620) was not soldered correctly  Caused the output to be locked high  Re-soldering Fixed this problem

19. Testing Started Heartbeat Test Heartbeat Test

20. Testing Started Eyebrow Raise Test Eyebrow Raise Test

21. Built New Amplifier Circuit Schematic for current amplifier Circuit Schematic for current amplifier

22. New Circuit – Built

23. Problem with New Circuit Need to break AGND connection on board more thoroughly Need to break AGND connection on board more thoroughly

24. Testing Continued FFT at 60Hz Spike correspond to lights in the room

25. Testing Continued FFT from 0-15 Hz Indeed measuring brainwaves Difficult to decipher between different types of brainwaves

26. Ideas for Next Semester Secure a sound and frequency free area for the amplifier and test subject Secure a sound and frequency free area for the amplifier and test subject Perform the tests with few subjects in the room. Perform the tests with few subjects in the room. No electrical appliances, including lights should be plugged in, or on, except for the scope when testing is performed. No electrical appliances, including lights should be plugged in, or on, except for the scope when testing is performed. Repeat the tests on 2-4 day intervals and average the results. Repeat the tests on 2-4 day intervals and average the results.

27. Conclusion Amplifier is capable of measuring brainwaves Amplifier is capable of measuring brainwaves More defined environment needed for testing More defined environment needed for testing Learn how to use brain waves for application purposes Learn how to use brain waves for application purposes

28. THE END Any Questions? Any Questions? Thank you for a wonderful semester!!!