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2.  Renewable energy is energy which comes from natural resources such as sunlight, wind, rain, tides, and geothermal heat, which are renewable.  Climate change concerns, high oil prices, and increasing government support, accelerates the growth of this sector.  In 2008, about 19% of global final energy consumption came from renewable sources.  With nations pledging to reduce the carbon emission to counter global warming, the need for systems that generate renewable energy has been on a rise. 2 www.engineersportal.in

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5.  Wind power is the conversion of wind energy into a useful form of energy, such as  wind turbines to make electricity,  wind mills for mechanical power,  wind pumps for pumping water or drainage,  sails to propel ships 5 www.engineersportal.in

6.  Wind energy has been the world’s fastest growing source of electricity during the past decade, with over 20% annual growth  Energy production from wind was 340 TWh, which is about 2% of worldwide electricity usage. 6 www.engineersportal.in

7.  A wind turbine is a rotary device that extracts energy from the wind.  If the mechanical energy is used directly by machinery the machine is called a windmill.  If the mechanical energy is instead converted to electricity, the machine is called a wind generator.  A wind farm is a group of wind turbines in the same location used for production of electric power.  Wind farms and wind turbines are built onshore as well as offshore. 7 www.engineersportal.in

8.  A floating wind turbine is an offshore wind turbine mounted on a floating structure.  As of December 2009, there have been two operational floating wind turbines  BLUE -H 80 kW 21 km off the coast in waters 113 meters deep, southeast of Italy.  HYWIND 2.3 mW 10 km off the coast of Karmoy, Norway in 220-m deep waters. 8 www.engineersportal.in

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11.  Power Output from a wind turbine is proportional to the cube of wind velocity and to the square of the rotor diameter.  The wind can be stronger up to 10 m/sec and steadier over water due to the absence of topographic features.  Existing fixed-bottom wind turbine technology deployments had been limited to water depths of 30-meters.  Worldwide wind resources are abundant over deep-waters.  Wind should be steady and consistent for the smooth working of turbines.  Noise and visual pollution created by fixed turbines near the costal areas are to be avoided. 11 www.engineersportal.in

12. 12 Worldwide wind resources are abundant over deep- waters. Wind should be steady and consistent for the smooth working of turbines. Noise and visual pollution created by fixed turbines near the costal areas are to be avoided. Advantages: www.engineersportal.in

13. Simplified wind turbine model. Maximum Power Constant Power 0510152025 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 Relative wind velocity [m/s] Power [MW] 13 www.engineersportal.in

14. 14 Wind velocity increases from lighter to darker shade. From 1m/s to 10 m/s www.engineersportal.in

15.  Floating platforms can be classified into.  single-turbine-floater (one wind turbine mounted on a floating structures).  multiple turbine floater (multiple wind turbines mounted on a floating structures)  The electricity generated is sent to shore through undersea HVDC cables.  There are mainly three types of systems used for station keeping for the turbine. Barge System,Spar Buoy System,Tension Leg System 15 www.engineersportal.in

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17.  Barge Systems  Spar Buoy Systems  Tension Leg Systems 17 www.engineersportal.in

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21.  It is the process of fixing the floating structure to the seabed.  Absorb dynamic loads, transfer load to seabed TWO TYPES-  Catenary  Taut leg 21 www.engineersportal.in

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23. 23 Hydrodynamic loads Aerodynamic loads Horizontal and Vertical loads Dynamic and static loads www.engineersportal.in

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25. It has vertical axis turbines mounted in a fence. All the water that passes is forced through the turbines. 25 www.engineersportal.in

26.  Huge initial cost when compared to other renewable energy sources.  The economics of deepwater wind turbines will be determined by the costs of the floating structure and power distribution system when compared to a fixed turbine.  Enough buoyancy to support the weight of the turbine and to restrain pitch, roll and heave motions.  Only at few sites with high wind speeds can compete economically with conventional power production,at present. 26 www.engineersportal.in

27.  Offshore construction is more complicated and it should survive severe marine environments.  Maintainace is high when compared to on-shore turbines.  Complexity of the system. 27 www.engineersportal.in

28.  Blue H has successfully decommissioned the unit as they are planning to build a 38-unit deepwater wind farm at the same location.  The US State of Maine will be soliciting proposals in September 2010 to build the world's first floating, commercial wind farm.  Portugal govt is partnered with Principle Power to install a multi-megawatt full-scale floating wind turbine off the coast of Portugal in 2011.  The enormous wind energy resource offshore, covering more than 70% of the Earth’s surface, can be effectively tapped resulting in a cleaner and smarter energy … 28 www.engineersportal.in

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30. 30 References: http://www.energysavers.gov/ http://www.rise.org http://www.technologyreview.com/energy/ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wind_power http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wave_power www.engineersportal.in

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