1. Global 9Name__________________ Unit 5 Notes Tang/Song China Culture: Japan and Korea borrowed from them: Buddhism, Confucianism, writing system, respect for nature Silk Road: helped extend westward and connected China with other empires Contributions: gunpowder, compass, porcelain, clock, spinning wheel, block printing Japan Geography: archipelago, mountainous with little farm land, dependent on the sea Culture: borrowed from China, then isolated to become very homogeneous Feudalism: bushido: “Way of the Warrior – code of conduct; loyal, brave, honorable Tokugawa Shogunate: Family ruled for 300 years, stability and isolationism Emperor – figurehead Shogun – real power Samurai – warrior Peasants - farmers Merchants/artisans Mongol Empire Geography: Steppes (raised grasslands) of Central Asia Culture: nomadic people, lived in yurts, expert horsemen, constant tribal warfare Genghis Khan: Khan – “world emperor”, 1200 AD unified all Mongols under his brutal rule, conquered largest land mass in history khanates: split empire into regions after Genghis’ death, ruled by family members Kublai Khan: grandson of Genghis, centered power in China and became first foreign Dynastic ruler, empire crumbled when he died Russia: Mongols ruled for 250 years, absolute government, kept Russia out of Renaissance Marco Polo: Traveled to China, sparked interest in Europe for Chinese things 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 Japan Tang/Song Mongol West African Muslim Byzantine

2. Muslim Empire Origins: Out of Mecca, east to India, west across North Africa and on into Spain Growth: Military conquest – great fighters (Jihad), treated conquered people fairly; trade – masters of trade which spread Islam Battle of Tours: 732 AD, Charles Martel led French Christians in defeat of Muslims and stopped their advance into Europe Golden Age: 700-900 AD mathematics – spread Gupta math ideas, created Algebra and Trig medicine – created hospitals/textbooks architecture – Byzantine/Indian mix Islamic Law – based on Qur’an Preservers: preserved Greek and Roman ideas and improved upon them Geography: eastern half of the old Roman Empire, split around 300 AD Constantine: Moved capitol of Rome to Constantinople in 330, converted empire to Christianity Justinian: expanded empire to size of Rome, established code of laws (Justinian’s Code), glorified empire but harsh rule How the Byzantine Empire Compared with the Roman Empire CapitalReligionLanguageOther Information Roman Rome Roman Catholic (Christian) Latin - The western half of the old Roman Empire - Fell into the “Dark Ages” Byzantine Constantinople Eastern Orthodox (Christian) Greek - The eastern half of the old Roman Empire - Grew strong and lasted 1000 years West African Empires Ghana – Mali – Songhai Trade routes: 800-1000 AD Muslims established trade routes across the Sahara Desert Products: Muslims brought salt to Africans in exchange for gold; also traded ivory, lumber, tin and slaves Culture: Islam replaced animism as chief faith; brought technology (math, science and medicine) as well Mansa Musa: Powerful king of Mali, converted to Islam, even did a pilgrimage to Mecca (cultural diffusion) Ibn Battuta: Travelled through Middle East and China (like Marco Polo) Bantu Migration: migrations throughout Africa spread technology (farming techniques) and language (Swahili) Byzantine Empire Russia: Many impacts on Russia including religion, Cyrillic alphabet, art (mosaics) and architecture Culture: preserved Greek and Roman cultures, combined them into their own Why did it last?: Organized government, didn’t grow too large, minded their own business

3. Global 9Name__________________ Mr. KruegerUnit 5 Notes Tang/Song China Culture: Silk Road: Contributions: Japan Geography: Culture: Feudalism: bushido: Tokugawa Shogunate: Emperor – Shogun – Samurai – Peasants - Merchants/artisans Mongol Empire Geography: Culture: Genghis Khan: khanates: Kublai Khan: Russia: Marco Polo: 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700

4. Muslim Empire Origins: Growth: Battle of Tours: Golden Age: mathematics – medicine – architecture – Islamic Law – Preservers: Geography: Constantine: Justinian: How the Byzantine Empire Compared with the Roman Empire CapitalReligionLanguageOther Information Roman Byzantine West African Empires Ghana – Mali – Songhai Trade routes: Products: Culture: Mansa Musa: Ibn Battuta: Bantu Migration: Byzantine Empire Russia: Culture: Why did it last?:

5. Japan Tang/Song Mongol Muslim West African Byzantine 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 Japan Tang/Song Mongol West African Byzantine Muslim

6. Japan Geography: archipelago, mountainous with little farm land, dependent on the sea Culture: borrowed from China, then isolated to become very homogeneous Feudalism: bushido: “Way of the Warrior – code of conduct; loyal, brave, honorable Tokugawa Shogunate: Family ruled for 300 years, stability and isolationism Emperor – figurehead Shogun – real power Samurai – warrior Peasants - farmers Merchants/artisans

7. Tang/Song China Culture: Japan and Korea borrowed from them: Buddhism, Confucianism, writing system, respect for nature Silk Road: helped extend westward and connected China with other empires Contributions: gunpowder, compass, porcelain, clock, spinning wheel, block printing

8. Mongol Empire Geography: Steppes (raised grasslands) of Central Asia Culture: nomadic people, lived in yurts, expert horsemen, constant tribal warfare Genghis Khan: Khan – “world emperor”, 1200 AD unified all Mongols under his brutal rule, conquered largest land mass in history khanates: split empire into regions after Genghis’ death, ruled by family members Kublai Khan: grandson of Genghis, centered power in China and became first foreign Dynastic ruler, empire crumbled when he died Russia: Mongols ruled for 250 years, absolute government, kept Russia out of Renaissance Marco Polo: Traveled to China, sparked interest in Europe for Chinese things

9. Muslim Empire Origins: Out of Mecca, east to India, west across North Africa and on into Spain Growth: Military conquest – great fighters (Jihad), treated conquered people fairly; trade – masters of trade which spread Islam Battle of Tours: 732 AD, Charles Martel led French Christians in defeat of Muslims and stopped their advance into Europe Golden Age: 700-900 AD mathematics – spread Gupta math ideas, created Algebra and Trig medicine – created hospitals/textbooks architecture – Byzantine/Indian mix Islamic Law – based on Qur’an Preservers: preserved Greek and Roman ideas and improved upon them

10. West African Empires Ghana – Mali – Songhai Trade routes: 800-1000 AD Muslims established trade routes across the Sahara Desert Products: Muslims brought salt to Africans in exchange for gold; also traded ivory, lumber, tin and slaves Culture: Islam replaced animism as chief faith; brought technology (math, science and medicine) as well Mansa Musa: Powerful king of Mali, converted to Islam, even did a pilgrimage to Mecca (cultural diffusion) Ibn Battuta: Travelled through Middle East and China (like Marco Polo) Bantu Migration: migrations throughout Africa spread technology (farming techniques) and language (Swahili)

11. Geography: eastern half of the old Roman Empire, split around 300 AD Constantine: Moved capitol of Rome to Constantinople in 330, converted empire to Christianity Justinian: expanded empire to size of Rome, established code of laws (Justinian’s Code), glorified empire but harsh rule Russia: Many impacts on Russia including religion, Cyrillic alphabet, art (mosaics) and architecture Culture: preserved Greek and Roman cultures, combined them into their own Why did it last?: Organized government, didn’t grow too large, minded their own business Byzantine Empire

12. How the Byzantine Empire Compared with the Roman Empire CapitalReligionLanguageOther Information RomanRome Roman Catholic (Christian) Latin - The western half of the old Roman Empire - Fell into the “Dark Ages” Byzantine Constantinople Eastern Orthodox (Christian) Greek - The eastern half of the old Roman Empire - Grew strong and lasted 1000 years