1. Bellringer  Complete the questions that appear on the back of the “clay pot symbols” interpretation worksheet.

2. Skills Needed?  History is about interpretation!  Who you are affects how you interpret history & cultures!  It takes work & perseverance What does this symbol mean?  Biased? Point of View?  We all have preferences & experiences, so sometimes we need to look at other sources of information to get the whole picture

3. Keys to the Document Based Question Essay

4. What is a Document Based Question? Models the work of a historian:  Responding to a historical problem based on interpreting primary documents …essentially a research paper –Technically demanding But requires little/no historical knowledge –DBQs often ask to connect a seemingly unrelated idea to the topic of the documents –DBQs often are based on topics that may be unfamiliar

5. –Analyze the Mongol attitudes toward the spread of Buddhism between 200 CE and 1450. –Analyze the impact of the global economy on the Olympic games during the 20 th century.

6. Do the Process 1. Process the Question –Note the verb & time period –AP = address the prompt! 2. Build a Framework / Graphic Organizer –Anticipate what your answer will look like before you read the docs 3. Work the Documents (apparts)

7. –Author – Who created the source? What is their pov? –Place & Time – Where & when was the source produced? –Prior Knowledge – What do you already know? –Audience – For whom was the source created? Does this affect its reliability? –Reason – Why was this source produced? –The Main Idea – What is the source trying to convey? –Significance – Why is this source important? How does it fit your framework or connect to the question?

8. Source: Zhi Dun, Chinese scholar & confidant of Chinese aristocrats and high officials during the period when northern China was invaded by central Asian steppe nomads, 350 C.E. Whosoever in China, in this era of sensual pleasures, serves the Buddha and correctly observes the commandments, who recites the Buddhist Scriptures, and who furthermore makes a vow to be reborn without ever abandoning his sincere intention, will at the end of his life, when his soul passes away, be miraculously transported thither. He will behold the Buddha and be enlightened in his spirit, and then he will enter Nirvana.

9. Do the Process 1. Process the Question –Note the verb & time period 2. Build a Framework / Graphic Organizer –Anticipate what your answer will look like before you read the docs 3. Work the Documents (apparts) 4. Answer the Question

10. Answer the Question? Write an Essay THE BASICS …remember - a research paper  Thesis statement  Use all the sources  Explain how sources support thesis

11. Thesis  Restate location & time period boundaries  Write a strong statement of 1-3 sentences in your intro that lays out your central argument & 2-3 controlling ideas –Should directly answer the question asked

12. Addressing Docs  Must use every document at least once  Must demonstrate understanding –Paraphrase rather than quote –Use individually  Cite your sources –“According to _______ …” author’s name or title –Parenthetical citation: (doc #). Do not start sentence with “In document 1…”

13. Support  Good historical writing requires analysis –Explain how a document supports your thesis –Connect information in doc to thesis –How does the source help prove your answer?  Should have analysis EVERY time a doc is used

15. Implied: Grouping  Place the documents into at least 2 groups or categories –national origin, topic, social class of author, pro/con  This is largely solved with a strong organization around a strong thesis –Each body paragraph is likely a group –Do not have to specifically state “The ____ group can be seen in documents #,#,#.” Types of groupings can be mixed if it helps answer the question –Every group must have at least 2 docs, but docs can be used in more than group

17. DBQ – Guided Practice Analyze the responses to the spread of Buddhism in China.

18. Do the Process 1. Process the Question 2. Build a Framework / Graphic Organizer 3. Work the Documents (apparts)apparts

19. –Author – Who created the source? What is their pov? –Place & Time – Where & when was the source produced? –Prior Knowledge – What do you already know? –Audience – For whom was the source created? Does this affect its reliability? –Reason – Why was this source produced? –The Main Idea – What is the source trying to convey? –Significance – Why is this source important? How does it fit your framework or connect to the question?

20. Do the Process 1. Process the Question 2. Build a Framework / Graphic Organizer 3. Work the Documents (apparts)apparts 4. Answer the Question

21. Analyze responses to the spread of Buddhism in China  Brainstorm…

22. Answer the Question? Write an Essay THE BASICS …remember - a research paper  Thesis statement  Use all the sources  Explain how sources support thesis …and…  Grouping

23. Implied: Grouping  Place the documents into at least 2 groups or categories –PERSIA –national origin, topic, social class of author, pro/con  Must have topic sentences to satisfy requirement! –Each body paragraph is likely a group –Do not have to specifically state “The ____ group can be seen in documents #,#,#.” Use topic sentence to explain common purpose of paragraph & then follow through by using docs –Every group must have at least 2 docs, but docs can be used in more than group

24. DBQ – Guided Practice Analyze Han and Roman attitudes toward technology.

25. Do the Process 1. Process the Question 2. Build a Framework / Graphic Organizer 3. Work the Documents (apparts)apparts

26. –Author – Who created the source? What is their pov? –Place & Time – Where & when was the source produced? –Prior Knowledge – What do you already know? –Audience – For whom was the source created? Does this affect its reliability? –Reason – Why was this source produced? –The Main Idea – What is the source trying to convey? –Significance – Why is this source important? How does it fit your framework or connect to the question?

27. Do the Process 1. Process the Question 2. Build a Framework / Graphic Organizer 3. Work the Documents (apparts)apparts 4. Answer the Question

28. Analyze Han and Roman attitudes toward technology.  Brainstorm…

29. Groups  Types of technology or  Pro / con technology or  Government’s role in technology or  Philosophers, Classes, & Government officials

30. Thesis: infrastructure/practical technologies  While both the Romans and the Han appreciated the use of technology toward the improvements of water regulation, the Romans concentrated more intently on mathematical and scientific advancements, looking down upon the laboring tool inventions that were appreciated by the Han.

31. Thesis: infrastructure/practical technologies  Technologies that involve infrastructure tended to be viewed positively by Romans and Chinese alike. On the other hand practical technologies that benefitted commoners had more complex views; Chinese viewed these positively, and Romans viewed them negatively.

32. Body Paragraph  Technologies that involve infrastructure tended to be viewed positively by Romans and Chinese alike (Documents 1, 6, 8). There was a request from a Chinese official to have more employees to maintain the technologies (Doc. 1). Because there was a desire to maintain the canal it shows that the Chinese value the technologies they already possessed, they wanted to keep them around longer.** Plutarch reports that Roman political leaders considered all details of roads when it came to their construction (D. 6). With his meticulous planning, this shows that it would be an asset to citizens in Rome, for example, including tightly packed roads and lesser intervals in roads. Plutarch likely exaggerates the accomplishments of a Roman official because of his own background in government.

33. DBQ – Independent Practice HW, due Monday = Write a DBQ essay in response the assigned prompt & docs from the back of your text.

35. DBQ – advanced skills

36. Additional tasks?  Remember the requirements of the comparison essay? –Reason for the sim / dif. Answers “why?”  DBQ? –Analyze the author’s point of view Answers “why did the author say that?” –Explain the need for an additional document

37. Point of View  Requirement = analyze 2 documents per DBQ  Suggestion = Mostert rule of 3  PoV is an attempt to explain how the content of the document is likely impacted by the circumstances behind their creation. –Consider: Social class, time period, religion, occupation, gender, type of document “__________ (author) exaggerates ___________ (content) because __________ (circumstance).”

38. Additional Document  Requirement = justify the inclusion of 1 doc  Suggestion = Mostert rule of 3  Add Doc is a recognition of “missing voices” in the DBQ, suggesting a needed document, and explaining how the document would help answer the question. –Be as specific: type of doc & how it benefits answer –Suggested document must be modestly possible “A document by a ___________ ( type of person ) from ___________ ( place ) at ___________ ( time ) would help determine ___________ ( grouping ).”

39. Practice  Pg. D-10 PointOfView –“_________ (author) exaggerates _________ (content) because __________ (circumstance).” Additional Doc –“A document by a __________ (type of person) from __________ (place) at __________ (time) would help determine __________ (grouping).”

41. What is the DBQ essay? Steps to Answering the Question 1. Know how the essay is graded 2. Break down the question 3. Remember the Rule of 3 4. Use solid paragraph structure

42. Step: #1 Know Rubric Notice:  Split rubric= must get all 7 core points before earning expanded points –Focus on 7 core points  Scored based on value-added= points are not deducted, they are only awarded for positive contributions

43. Step: #2 Understand Question  Read the question accurately & plan –Underline directive word= describe v. compare v. analyze v. evaluate v. to what extent –Establish boundaries for writing= time period & region –Recall prior knowledge= note any info that you remember within the boundaries  Analysis? –do not simply look at a situation simply at face value but look for connections between information –the recognition of patterns, relationships, or hidden meaning

44. Step: #3 Rule of 3  3 controlling ideas in thesis  3 groups & body paragraphs  3 analyses of point of view – 1 per paragraph  3 suggestions of additional documents – 1 per paragraph

45. Step: #4 Paragraph Org  Topic sentence introducing grouping  Document paraphrase, analysis POV with applicable doc  Additional document

46. Finished Product – Formal Essay –There are requirements specific to AP, but keep in mind this is about becoming a good writer  Proper Organization & Accuracy –Introduction, 3 body ¶‘s, Conclusion –Use topic sentences –Restates thesis in conclusion  Proper Style & Conventions –Don’t use I, me, you, or abbreviations –Aim for proper spelling and punctuation because errors can cloud your argument