2. Cell Structure Chemicals of Life Nature of Molecules Evidence of Evolution Science of Biology 50 40 30 20 10 20 30 40 50 10 20 30 40 50 10 20 30 40 50 10 20 30 40 50

3. Explain the properties of life. Order-all organisms are composed of one or more cells; Sensitivity- respond to stimuli; Growth & development- all organisms grow and develop and pass hereditary material to offspring; Regulation- coordinate internal functions; Homeostasis- maintain constant internal conditions

4. Explain inductive and deductive reasoning Inductive- specific observations to construct general science principles Deductive- using general science principles to explain specific results

5. What is the scientific method? 1.Ask a question 2.Form a hypothesis 3.Perform an experiment 4.Make a prediction 5.Gather data 6.Form conclusions

6. What is the theory of evolution? (include natural selection Evolution is generation to generation change in a species; natural selection is the process by which it happens

7. Explain the evidence of evolution 1.Fossils- remains of organisms 2.Homologous structure- structures that the same origin, but different function 3.Analogous structures- structures with the same function, but different origin 4.Development- comparing embryos 5.Molecular biology- comparing DNA

8. What are the forms for evidence for evolution? 1.Fossils 2.Homologous structures 3.Analogous structures 4.Molecular biology 5.Vestigial structures

9. What is the fossil record? Collective record of preserved remains of once living organisms

10. Define natural selection The process by which the environment chooses the organisms that are most suited to survive

11. Define artificial selection Favoring individuals with certain phenotypic traits and allowing them to reproduce

12. Explain Darwin’s critics and arguments 1.Evolution not solidly demonstrated 2.No fossil intermediates 3.Intelligent design 4.Violates 2 nd law of thermodynamics 5.Proteins too improbable 6.N.S. does not imply evolution 7.The irreducible complexity argument

13. What is matter? What is an atom? Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space; atoms are the basic unit of matter

14. What are the properties of water? 1.Polar 2.Cohesion 3.Adhesion 4.High specific heat 5.Heat of vaporization 6.Universal solvent 7.Surface tension

15. Discuss the three subatomic particles 1.Protons- (+) in the nucleus 2.Neutrons- neutral, in the nucleus 3.Electrons- (-); in orbitals outside the nucleus

16. Define elements and isotopes Elements- substance made up of one type of atom Isotope- element that has a different number of neutrons

17. Discuss chemical bonding Ionic- transfer of electrons from one atom to another Covalent- sharing of electrons between atoms

18. What are organic compounds? Organic compounds have carbon to hydrogen bonds

19. What are carbohydrates? Discuss types Carbs are composed of sugars Mono- single sugars Di- double sugars Poly- starches

20. Discuss proteins Organic compounds composed of amino acids. Have a defined shape: primary, secondary. tertiary and quantenary

21. What are lipids Organic compounds that do not dissolve in water. Composed of glycerol and fatty acids. Can be solid or liquid at room temp

22. Discuss nucleic acids Organic compounds composed nucleotides (5 carbon sugar, phosphate group, nitrogen base)

23. What are cell structures that cells have in common? 1.Cell membrane 2.Genetic material 3.Cytoplasm

24. What is the cell theory? 1.All living things are composed of cells 2.Cells are the basic unit of structure and function 3.Cells come from pre- existing cells

25. What is a TEM and a SEM? Transmission electron microscope- gives detail of inside the cell Scanning electron microscope- gives a 3D image of surface of cells

26. What is the endosymbiont theory? One prokaryote engulfed another and they began to benefit each other. Gave rise to the first eukaryote

27. How do cells move? 1.Flagella 2.Cilia 3.pseudopods