1. Hoofed Animals Follow along with your chart and make any additions or corrections that you may need. (If you need a replacement chart, tell the teacher now!) Follow along with your chart and make any additions or corrections that you may need. (If you need a replacement chart, tell the teacher now!) Remember that you will be allowed to utilize this resource during the exam. Remember that you will be allowed to utilize this resource during the exam. The deer family is cervidae. If the family is anything other than cervidae, it is not in the deer family. The deer family is cervidae. If the family is anything other than cervidae, it is not in the deer family.

2. Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia Order: Artiodactyla Family: Cervidae Genus: Odocoileus Species: columbianus Doe and fawn Young Black-tailed Deer

3. Buck : only males grow antlers Sexual Dimorphism: Found in the Pacific Northwest, especially in Oregon, Washington, and British Columbia. Native to North America Preferred Habitat: Forests and edge

4. Feeding: Blacktails are browsersin winter and early spring and then mix in grasses and a wide variety of herbs, as well as browse, in summer and fall. Feeding: Blacktails are browsers in winter and early spring and then mix in grasses and a wide variety of herbs, as well as browse, in summer and fall. Distinguishing Features: -Smallest of the three native deer species (mule, black- tailed, white-tailed). -Smallest of the three native deer species (mule, black- tailed, white-tailed). - Antlers in forked pairs, like mule deer. - Almost no rump patch with wide, black-surfaced tail. - Light face and muzzle but forehead not dark. - When startled will run with high, stiff-legged bounce. Breeding: Blacktails are polygamous. They use scent to locate each other during the breeding period. Males tend to follow one female at a time until breeding occurs or a larger male comes along and displaces them.

5. Mule Deer Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia Order: Artiodactyla Family: Cervidae Genus: Odocoileus Species: hemionus Found throughout the entire western United States, including the four deserts of the American Southwest. Native to North America Buck Doe Preferred Habitat: Brushy vegetation

6. Feeding: Mule Deer are browsers and eat a great variety of vegetable matter, including fresh green leaves, twigs, lower branches of trees, and various grasses. Breeding: Mule deer are polygamous. They use scent to determine when females are ready for breeding. Males may gather groups of females during peek breeding season and fight to defend the group. Distinguishing Features: - Large ears that move constantly (like a mule) - Peculiar and distinctive bounding leap - Dark forehead marking - Antlers in forked pairs on males only Fawn

7. Sika Deer – often called “Asian Elk” They are inhabitants of Japan and live naturally throughout eastern Asia, They have been introduced in several US states, including Maryland, Virginia, Texas, Oklahoma and Wisconsin. They are inhabitants of Japan and live naturally throughout eastern Asia, including parts of Korea, Siberia, China, Vietnam, Taiwan. They have been introduced in New Zealand, Europe, Australia, and several US states, including Maryland, Virginia, Texas, Oklahoma and Wisconsin. Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia Order: Artiodactyla Family: Cervidae Genus: Cervus Species: nippon Cows or Hinds Bull or Stag Preferred Habitat: Forests or Marshy terrains

8. Feeding: Some sika deer are considered grazers while others are browsers Feeding: Some sika deer are considered grazers while others are browsers. It depends on the geographic location. Sika deer feed on plants, grasses, marsh vegetation and agricultural crops. Breeding:polygamous They use a “bugling” call and scent to attract females and defend their territory/harem Breeding: Males are polygamous and gather harems of females during the breeding season. They use a “bugling” call and scent to attract females and defend their territory/harem. Distinguishing Features: Antlers sweep backward(males only) - Antlers sweep backward (males only) - Maintain spots - Maintain spots into adulthood white rump patch - Flare a white rump patch when alarmed - Males have a dark mane during the rut Calves

9. Rocky Mountain Elk – also called “Wapiti” Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia Order: Artiodactyla Family: Cervidae Genus: Cervus Species: elaphus Today, about one million elk live in the western United States, Wisconsin, Michigan, Minnesota, Pennsylvania, Arkansas, Kentucky, Tennessee and North Carolina, and from Ontario west in Canada Elk are native to North America Bull with 3 Cows

10. Preferred Habitat: Woodlands with large open areas Feeding: Elk are grazers. Feeding: Elk are grazers. Elk prefer grass, but regularly feed on shrub and browse species during winter months. Bulls in velvet

11. Breeding:Elk are polygamous. Males use “bugling” vocalizations and scent to attract a harem of females Breeding: Elk are polygamous. Males use “bugling” vocalizations and scent to attract a harem of females during the breeding season. They will fight to defend their harem. Distinguishing Features: - Much larger than deer or caribou. Second largest member of the deer family. deer family. cream colored rump - Large, cream colored rump patch have upper canine teeth called “ivories”. - Both sexes have upper canine teeth called “ivories”. Males antlers sweep gracefully back - Males antlers sweep gracefully back over the shoulders Bull bugling Calf

12. Moose Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia Order: Artiodactyla Family: Cervidae Genus: Alces Species: alces In North America, the moose range includes almost all of Canada (excluding the arctic), most of Alaska, northern New England and upstate New York, the Rocky Mountains, northeastern Minnesota, Michigan’s Upper Peninsula, and Isle Royale in Lake Superior. Bull Moose are native to North America

13. Preferred Habitat: Boreal forests & wetlands Feeding: Moose are browsers. Feeding: Moose are browsers. During fall and winter, moose consume large quantities of willow, birch, and aspen twigs. During summer, moose feed on vegetation in shallow ponds and the leaves of birch, willow, and aspen. Breeding: Moose are polygamous.The bull moose will wallow in his own urine during the breeding season.The scent attracts females. The bulls and the cows both make vocalizations to attract each other during breeding season. Breeding: Moose are polygamous. The bull moose will wallow in his own urine during the breeding season. The scent attracts females. The bulls and the cows both make vocalizations to attract each other during breeding season. Cow with calf

14. Distinguishing Features: -Largest member of the deer family -Long legs -Humpat the front shoulder blades -Hump at the front shoulder blades -Flap of skin on the neck -Flap of skin on the neck called a dewlap or “bell” (Both sexes) palmate antlers on the males only -Large palmate antlers on the males only -Long nose with a drooping lip Bull moose

15. Caribou – also called Reindeer Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia Order: Artiodactyla Family: Cervidae Genus: Rangifer Species: tarandus They are Native to North America. Caribou are found in northern regions of North America, Europe, Asia, and Greenland. They are Native to North America. Bulls

16. Distinguishing Features: large, concave hoofs used as snowshoes, paddles, and shovels. - Caribou have large, concave hoofs used as snowshoes, paddles, and shovels. both sexes grow antlers - Caribou are the only member of the deer family in which both sexes grow antlers. Antlers of adult bulls are large and massive; those of adult cows are much shorter and are usually more slender and irregular. Preferred Habitat: Old conifer forests & tundra Bulls grow palmate surfaces and a shovel between the eyes. These features do not appear on the female’s antlers. Bull Cow

17. Breeding: Caribou are polygamous Scent is important to the caribou during their breeding season. Breeding: Caribou are polygamous. Bull caribou control a space around themselves, and prevent other bulls from breeding with females within their space. Caribou breeding season lasts for only one week. Scent is important to the caribou during their breeding season. Feeding: Caribou are grazing herbivores Feeding: Caribou are grazing herbivores. In summer, caribou eat the leaves of willows, sedges (grasslike plants), flowering tundra plants, and mushrooms. They switch to lichens, dried sedges and small shrubs for winter.