1. Use of Optics for Identifying and Monitoring Pathogenic Vibrio Bacteria in Great Bay, NH Erin Urquhart, Shane Brandt, Tim Moore, Meg Hartwick, Vaughn Cooper, Steve Jones University of New Hampshire November 19 th, 2014

2. Vibrios in the Gulf of Maine *Maine Dept. of Health & Human Services *New Hampshire Dept. of Health & Human Services *Massachusetts Dept. of Health & Human Services V. cholerae V. vulnificus V. parahaemolyticus

3. Vibrios in the Environment Sunlight Climate PHYSICAL PARAMETERS Temperature Salinity Precipitation Turbidity BIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS Nutrients pH Bacteria Plankton Shellfish Rec. water Untreated sewage OR NI AP

4. Vibrio ecology, genetics, epidemiology at UNH Northeast Center for Vibrio Disease & Ecology (Whistler, Jones & Cooper) AES/USDA NH Sea Grant NSF EPSCoR NIH CT Bureau of Aquaculture; DPH Epi Massachusetts DMF, DPH/State Lab Island Creek Oysters Clean Air Cool Planet Climate Fellows program New Hampshire PHL, NHDES, NHF&G, oyster farmers Maine CDCP, DMR-BPH, ID Epi Prog Spinney Creek Shellfish UNH Hubbard Center for Genome Studies Others: Naumova (Tufts), Polz (MIT), Wright (Univ. of FL); FDA (Dauphine Is); Strom-(NWFSC)

5. Is there a relationship between Vibrios and plankton in the GBE? Can RS be used to study the variability in chlorophyll a and thus plankton in the GBE? Current Research Interaction between environmental conditions and Vibrio spp. Interaction between plankton and Vibrio spp.

6. Oyster River Nannie Island

7. Spring & Summer 2014: Bi-weekly, monthly collections JEL, OR, NI stations Data: Biological samples Water & plankton Water samples Temperature Salinity DO pH Optical depth Nutrients (sonde) TDN, PO 4, Chl_a Reflectances; (spectroradiometer) Fluorescence, HPLC GB Field Sampling

8. Water Phyto Zoo V. parahaemolyticus at Jackson Estuarine Laboratory (JEL) Summer 2014 Is there a relationship between Vibrios and plankton in the GBE? CLEARLY!

9. The Use of Satellite Remote Sensing in Great Bay, NH 09/26/2014; Landsat 8 True Color RS can provide the spatial, temporal, and spectral resolution needed for Vibrio monitoring in the GBE. RS can help pin point high risk areas and eliminate unproductive field sampling. Satellite sensors can be used to simultaneously quantify the concentration of water constituents: Chl_a CDOM TSS With a combination of sensed observations… semi-empirical models can be developed to estimate near-real time conditions.

10. 43.08 N 43.06 N 43.04 N 70.54 W70.52 W 70.50 W N 2.8 2.6 2.4 2.2 2.0 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 09/26/2014; TOA Temperature The Use of Satellite Remote Sensing in Great Bay, NH 43.08 N 43.06 N 43.04 N 70.54 W70.52 W 70.50 W N 09/26/2014; Chlorophyll_a Brivio et al., 2001 1.35 1.3 1.25 1.2 1.15 1.1 1.05 1 0.95 0.9 0.85

11. Future Work 2015 Spring & Summer Field Campaign Simultaneous biological, in situ, hyperspectral, and satellite observations Increased in situ spatial sampling, more data sondes. Integration with HydroQual (hydrodynamic model). Validation of DRS in situ hyperspectral observations with continuous GB buoy measurements. Extension to Gulf of Maine and other public health relevant regions.

12. Acknowledgments University of New Hampshire: Jim Haney, Jackie Lemaire, Jones’ Lab Great Bay Community College: Linda Coe Applied Geo-solutions: Nate Trowbridge, Megan Corbiere Funding Sources University of New Hampshire; EPSCoR/NEST