1. Technology of Semantic Structuring of the Digital Library Content I. Filozova JINR LIT, Dubna LIT JINR (DUBNA), JULY 18, 2012 V International Conference Distributed Computing and Grid-technologies in Science and Education

2. Contents Current Trends Problematic Situation Research Lines Realization Ideas QA-System on the Logic-Semantic Network Basis Summary

3. CURRENT TRENDS Traditional Publishing  Digital Archive-based approach; Accumulation by the scientific community the expansive digital information arrays → content integration on the metadata level → common Data and Information Spaces; The growth number of institutional repositories in the open access form. Repositories Number — 2 900 Records Number ~ 40,000,000 according to ROAR statistics (ROAR - http://roar.eprints.org)

4. HOW TO FIND

5. PROBLEMATIC SITUATION CREATION OF the EFFECTIVE MECHANISMS FOR the ANSWERS SEARCH TO QUESTIONS IN the DIGITAL INFORMATION FUNDS CREATION OF the EFFECTIVE MECHANISMS FOR the ANSWERS SEARCH TO QUESTIONS IN the DIGITAL INFORMATION FUNDS – ACTUAL PROBLEM FIND the INFORMATION ( INFORMATION SOURCE AND/OR INFORMATION ITSELF) QUESTION (V) ANSWERS SET (Q V ) MECHANISMS METHODS AND MECHANISMS FOR EFFECTIVE SEARCH (SEACRH TECHNOLOGY) DIGITAL INFORMATION FUND (INFORMATION SOURCERS) INFORMATION LAWS ? PERTINENCE (P) Q V = Q V R U Q V N P =

6. Cognitive Function of the Question Question  a thought query as the interrogative sentence. Answer  a realization of the cognitive function of the question as a new obtained judgment. Question TO DEVELOP THE KNOWLEDGE (TO EXTEND, TO PRODUCE A NEW) TO REFINE THE KNOWLEDGE TO SUPPLEMENT THE KNOWLEDGE Cognitive Indeterminacy UNKNOWN KNOWN

7. Process of Asking Questions and Search Answers Ask Question Find Answer Set Adequacy Question - Answer Search Scope Conformity Rules Search Technology Answer Technology of Conformity Setting Technology of Question Asking The Object and Subject of Research Question Answer Datum Question

8. RESEARCH LINES (1) Development of the method and mechanism for effective search of the set of the relevant answers to the questions. (2) Technology development for the creation and support of the catalog service of the information fund for providing an efficient search of the answers to the questions. (3) Software development  cataloguer workstation for the structuring of the information fund.

9. REALIZATION IDEAS OF RESEARCH LINES

10. The method basis is a way to describe the scientific and technical information by set of logic-semantic networks Question-Answer-Reaction (LSN QAR). The basis for the search engine are: motion way along LSN, controlled by the user; choice of LSN nodes (questions or answers) based on an ontological model of user question. The basis of the technology is a way of the description of the subject domain by LSN QAR set. Mechanism of technology is a workstation of the cataloguer (LSN QAR developer)

11. Formal Structure of Question, Answer, Reaction The logical structure of the question (Q): QUESTION = {QUESTION THEME (QT), QUESTION CONTENT (QC), QUESTION VOLUME (QV)} The logical structure of the answer (A): ANSWER = {ANSWER THEME (AT), ANSWER CONTENT (AC), ANSWER VOLUME (AV)} The logical structure of the reaction (R): REACTION= {REACTION THEME (RT), REACTION CONTENT (RC), REACTION VOLUME (RV)}

12. Logic-Semantic Network Question-Answer-Reaction Logic-semantic network  a set of the questions, answers and relationships between them forming an uniform system. Question  query expressed in the interrogative sentence aimed at the development, refinement or supplement of the knowledge. Answer  a realization the cognitive function of the question in the form of the new obtained judgment. Answer must be built in accordance with the content and structure of the asked question. Only in this case, the answer is regarded as relevant. Reaction  a semantic description of the question and answer. Types of reactions: 1. Question Reaction  a description of the datum question (to understand the enviroment and causes of the question and to establish the semantic adequacy with the answer scope). 2. Answer Reaction  a description of the answer scope (to understand the question semantics and relationship with answer).

13. Reaction Example (1) Logical unit Question-Answer-Reaction: Question 1 (Q1). What is a JAVA? Question 1 Reaction 1 (QR11). With respect pronunciation formed two different standards - borrowed from the English / d ʒɑ :və / and traditional «Ява» (on russian), corresponding to the traditional pronunciation of the Java name island. Question 1 Reaction 2 (QR12). Java (Indonesian: Jawa) is an island of Indonesia with a population of 135 million. Square  132 000 k 2 … Question 1 Reaction 3 (QR13). S lide show, photo-collage with the views of Java island.

14. Reaction Example (2) Answer 1 to Question 1 (A11). Java – an object-oriented programming language developed by Sun Microsystems. Reaction 1 of the Answer 1 to the Question 1 (RA11). Why is the language called JAVA? There is a version that language got its name from coffee grown on the same island. As you know, this drink is hot like some programmers. Therefore, a cup of steaming coffee is displayed on logo.

15. Reaction Example (3) Reaction 2 of the Answer 1 to the Question 1 (R2A11). Sun Microsystems, Inc (now part of Oracle Corporation) — U.S. company that produces software and hardware… Answer 2 to Question 1. Java — not only the language itself, but also a platform for development and execution of the applications based on this language.

16. Graph LSN QAR A 22 A 23 Q 31 Q 32 Q 33 Q 34 A 41 A 42 A 43 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 1415 16 17 R 10 R 21 A 21 Q 10 R 23

17. Analysis Method of Scientific Texts The document is studied by the expert in terms of: 1. Semantic matching title and content; 2. Set of filters: Filter 1 (F1) - General Part. F1 includes an analysis of the problem, its history, overview, topicality. Filter 2 (F2) - Author concept. F2 includes new terms introduced by the authors, traditional terms with the author's interpretation, the narrowing semantics. Filter 3 (F3) - Examples and illustrations. To clarify difficult places in the text, reduce the text size under stringent restrictions on the volume. Filter 4 (F4) - The idea of the author. Describes and explains the author's main idea. 3. Markup text (formulation of the basic questions, answers and reactions).

18. Navigation on LSN № edge Way 11,4,11 21,4,12 31,5,13 51,5,14 61,6,15 71,6,16 82,7,13 92,7,14 102,8,17 113,9,15 123,9,16 133,10,17 A 22 A 23 Q 31 Q 32 Q 33 Q 34 A 41 A 42 A 43 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 1415 16 17 R 10 R 21 A 21 Q 10 R 23

19. Multilayer Related Set of Graphs

20. List of Available Questions and Card of Selected Question ( fragment ) Answer Reaction 1 Question Reaction Next Level Questions Question Answer 1 Answer 2 (Это интересно …) Answer Reaction 2

21. Card of Question Reaction

22. LSN + Visualization Questions Answers

23. Summary It’s proposed:  "Catalog Service" creation and support for the funds-corpuses,  Question-Answer Navigator creation that provides such features: - the ability of the refinement and deepening of the understanding the question meaning; - the ability of the refining, deepening, expansion of the knowledge or the obtaining a new knowledge during the answer to question search process. Realization of such "Catalog Service" and Navigator allows to study the DL content by the natural mode for the human: refinement, generalization and obtaining a new knowledge ̶ question-answer mode. The main problem of the proposed question-answer system is a maximal automation of the process of the creation and support of the fund service catalog.

24. Even the most foolish idea can be implemented masterfully. Leszek Kumor Even the most foolish idea can be implemented masterfully. Leszek Kumor