1. A Summary of Terminology in Linguistics

2. First Session Orientation to the Course Introduction to Language & Linguistics 1. Definition of Language 2. The origins of language 3. Universal properties of language 4. The diversity of linguistics

3. CEN 6102 Session II The sounds of language Phonetics: Key terms: 1.Articulator phonetics 2.Places of articulation 3.Manners of articulation 4.Suprasegmentals 5.Acoustic phonetics

4. CEN 6102 Session II/1 A view of the vocal tract A magnetic resonance image of a mid-sagittal section (side view slice of the vocal tract

5. CEN 6102 Session III Key terms. Phonology Phonemes Phones and allophones Minimal pairs and set Phonotactics Syllable and clusters Co-articulation effects

6. CEN 6102 Session IV Words and Their Parts: Key terms: Morphology Morpheme and allomorph Word formation processes Multiple processes in word formation Reduplication Derivation and inflection Zero derivation

7. CEN 6102 Session V Word formation process Key terms: Coinage-Acronym Borrowing-Derivation Compounding-Affixes Blending -Prefixes & Suffixes Clipping -Infixes Backformation -Conversion

8. CEN 6102 Session VI The Structure of Sentences Part 1: Phrases and Sentences: Grammar Key terms: Mental grammar Linguistic etiquette Descriptive grammar

9. CEN 6102 Syntax (Coninued) Symbols used in syntactic description S SentenceN nounPropronoun PN proper nounV verbAdjadjective ArtarticleAdvadverbPreppreposition NPnoun phraseVPverb phrasePP prepositional phrase * = ‘ungrammatical sequence’  =’consists of’ ( ) = ‘optional constituent’ { }= ‘one and only of these constituents must be selected’

10. CEN 6102 Session VII Meaning - Key terms - Semantic roles -Semantics -Agent -Source -What is Semantics? -Theme -Goal Conceptual meaning -Instrument Associative meaning -Experience Semantic features -Location Lexicon relations -Types of lexicon relations

11. CEN 6102 Session VII/1 Lexical Ambiguities Structural Ambiguities Lexico-categorial Ambiguities

12. CEN 6102 Session VII/2 Semantic Roles and Syntactic Structures Semantic roles (sometimes, particularly in Generative Grammar, also called Thematic roles or Theta roles) are the roles played by participants in some situation. For example, in Mary broke the egg, Mary initiates and carries out the action of breaking and the egg is the object affected by Mary’s breaking action. We could say that Mary and the egg have the semantic roles of Breaker and Breakee, respectively. However, this is only a specific application to the verb break. There are more general descriptions of Semantic Roles in different situations

13. CEN 6102 Session VII/3 Exercises Examples: Allen sent the book to Mary. Send HEADLINEs from Bangkok Post, August 16, 2010 1. UN stresses need for aid for Pakistan. 2. PM defends delay to bus lease project. 3. Asia pauses to recall end of World War II. 4. Off-road truck kills 8. 5. Downpours prompt flash flood warning in 16 provinces.

14. CEN 6102 Session VII/4 Leading Questions 1. What are the differences between conceptual meaning and associative meaning? 2. Are there any associations between Semantic roles and syntactic strctures? 3. Why words have many meanings?

15. CEN 6102 Session VIII What is Pragmatics? Invisible Meaning Context Deixis Reference Anaphora Presupposition Speech Acts -Politeness

16. CEN 6102 Session IX What is Discourse? Discourse analysis How to interpret discourse? Cohesion -Coherence Speech events Conversational interaction The co-operative principles Background knowledge

17. CEN 6102 Session X Language, Culture and Society Key terms Sociolinguistics Social dialects Language and culture Language universals

18. CEN 6102 Session X/1 Language, Culture and Society (continued) Gender In contemporary English, there are many reported differences in the talk of males and females. In some gender pairs having conversations, women generally discuss their personal feelings more than males. Men appear to prefer non-personal topics such as sport and news