1. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tqOVYpkZ0qs Bacteria song

2. 3 DOMAINS – Tree of Life

3. More on Classification Why the change from 5 kingdom to 6 kingdom?

4. Prokaryotes: Eukaryotes: What came first: Prokaryote or eukaryote?

5. Prokaryotes vs. Eukaryotes

6. Archaea VS Bacteria Single celled Prokaryotes Ribosomes, Cell Wall, (Flagella – optional) Common Ancestor Size/Shape Mesophiles Cell wall composed of protein Cell wall composed of peptidoglycan (sugar- protein complex) DNA, RNA, protein synthesis machinery DNA, RNA, protein synthesis machinery Extremophiles Reproduction Mesophiles Do not respond to antibiotics http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N-EYTtxsL8g Where they are found Single celled Prokaryotes Ribosomes, Cell Wall, (Flagella – optional) Common Ancestor Size/Shape Mesophiles Cell wall composed of protein Cell wall composed of peptidoglycan (sugar- protein complex) DNA, RNA, protein synthesis machinery DNA, RNA, protein synthesis machinery Extremophiles Reproduction Mesophiles Do not respond to antibiotics

7. BACTERIA

8. Methods of Classification Shape Gram Staining Habitat Nutrition

9. DIFFERENT SHAPES Coccus (pl. cocci) Bacillus (pl. bacilli) Spirochetes (pl. spirilli)

10. -Gram stain applied to bacteria to determine cell wall composition Gram Staining

11. Gram-negative bacteria Gram Staining Results Gram-positive bacteria

12. HabitatMETHANOGENS -Produce methane gas -Found in guts of some animals HALOPHILES - Salt loving THERMOPHILES -Heat lovers MESOPHILES - Live in moderate temperatures of 15-40ºC

13. Nutrition Autotrophs -Heterotrophs –

14. Defense!!!! http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JnlULOjUhSQ&feature =related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JnlULOjUhSQ&feature =related White blood cell eating bacteria Naturally our immune system fights them Give Antibiotics

15. Reproduction in Bacteria Why study reproduction in bacteria? What is the advantage of asexual vs. sexual reproduction?

16. http://www.youtube.co m/watch?v=gEwzDydci Wc

17. Conjugation http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O-EdX4MaMFE

18. Transformation

19. Transduction

20. Endospore Formation Question: Why is the formation of an endospore beneficial to the bacteria?

21. BENEFICIAL USES OF BACTERIA Nitrogen fixation Recombinant DNA technology Genetic studies

22. Other Applications of Bacteria Waste Management – bioremediation uses bacteria to remove toxic material (oil, acid, pesticides, radioactive wastes) Sewage Treatment – bacteria decompose organic matter (i.e. septic tanks with human feces) Dairy Foods – used to create dairy products (texture, flavour). – Probiotic bacteria in yogurt!