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CHAPTER 15 Questionnaires. What is a questionnaire? A questionnaire is a means of gathering survey data from a large number of people A questionnaire.

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Presentation on theme: "CHAPTER 15 Questionnaires. What is a questionnaire? A questionnaire is a means of gathering survey data from a large number of people A questionnaire."— Presentation transcript:

1 CHAPTER 15 Questionnaires

2 What is a questionnaire? A questionnaire is a means of gathering survey data from a large number of people A questionnaire can be used to gather both quantitative and qualitative data A questionnaire can gather data on facts, feelings or opinions

3 The use of questionnaires Questionnaires are useful when...

4 Producing a questionnaire A questionnaire has two elements: Content – The questionnaire needs to be produced in such a way that it allows you to collect the data required to answer your research question. Structure – The questionnaire needs to be visually appealing to entice people to spend time and energy completing it.

5 Determining the content What is the research question? What are the research objectives? Questions usually focus on the smaller research objectives, which cumulatively answer the research question Do not collect demographic data if you are not going to use it!

6 Questions Group together the questions so that the sections of the questionnaire are ‘themed’ Consider what types of questions you need to ask to gather the correct type of data (ie facts, opinions, quantitative or qualitative)

7 Types of questions Closed questions allow the respondent to choose between a limited range of prescribed answers. Open questions allow respondents to generate their own answers to the questions posed.

8 Closed questions There are a number of styles: –Ranking scales – order of preference –Likert scales – extent to which people agree –Category choice – age/salary/education groups –Yes/No questions: Filtering questions – carry on or not? Streaming questions – if ‘Yes’, go to...

9 Open questions need to be clear and unambiguous can be a lead question: eg ‘Tell me what you think about...’ can be an open adjunct – appended to the end of a closed question but seeking explanation can be an open ‘Other’ – appended to the end of a closed question but seeking the addition of a further category

10 The structure of a questionnaire A questionnaire must be visually appealing: font, colour, use of space must have a clear explanation of purpose and a clear set of instructions Always include a covering letter and information on logistics (return date, etc)

11 Maximising response rates Personalise envelopes Have a ‘named’ covering letter Give some explanation as to why respondents should help Give clear instructions for completion Give clear instructions for time-frame Give clear instructions on returning the questionnaire For email questionnaires send out ‘advance’ notice and reminder emails BUT ALWAYS HAVE A PLAN B!

12 Coding Confidentiality Logistics Use to be able to group respondents Do not use to compromise anonymity Think about how respondents might be identified from the results Find out your university rules on confidentiality Make sure you allow plenty of time for questionnaires to be returned Make sure you send out sufficient to allow you to produce meaningful results Practical considerations


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