1. Slide 1 ECMWF Training Course - The Global Observing System - 06/2013 The Satellite Global Observing System Stephen English 1.A brief introduction to the Satellite GOS 2.Monitoring of satellite observations 3.OSCAR – WMOs database for global observations, user requirements and gap-analysis

2. Slide 2 ECMWF Training Course - The Global Observing System - 06/2013 What types of satellites are used in NWP? AdvantagesDisadvantages GEO- Regional coverage No global coverage by single satellite - Temporal coverage LEO - Global coverage with single satellite

3. Slide 3 ECMWF Training Course - The Global Observing System - 06/2013 Radio occultation Geo IR and Polar MW Imagers Feature tracking in imagery (e.g. cloud track winds), scatterometers and doppler winds Geo IR Sounder Radar and GPS total path delay Polar IR + MW sounders Moisture Mass Wind Composition Ultraviolet sensors Sub-mm, and near IR plus Visible (e.g. Lidar) IR = InfraRed MW = MicroWave

4. Slide 4 ECMWF Training Course - The Global Observing System - 06/2013 Satellite data used by ECMWF

5. Slide 5 ECMWF Training Course - The Global Observing System - 06/2013

6. Slide 6 ECMWF Training Course - The Global Observing System - 06/2013 Combined impact of all satellite data EUCOS Observing System Experiments (OSEs): 2007 ECMWF forecasting system, winter & summer season, different baseline systems: no satellite data (NOSAT), NOSAT + AMVs, NOSAT + 1 AMSU-A, general impact of satellites, impact of individual systems, all conventional observations. 500 hPa geopotential height anomaly correlation 3/4 day 3 days

7. Slide 7 ECMWF Training Course - The Global Observing System - 06/2013 Selected statistics are checked against an expected range. E.g., global mean bias correction for GOES-12 (in blue): Soft limits (mean ± 5 stdev being checked, calculated from past statistics over a period of 20 days, ending 2 days earlier) Hard limits (fixed) Email-alert Data monitoring – automated warnings (M. Dahoui & N. Bormann) http://www.ecmwf.int/products/forecasts/satellite_check/ Email alert:

8. Slide 8 ECMWF Training Course - The Global Observing System - 06/2013 Data monitoring – automated warnings

9. Slide 9 ECMWF Training Course - The Global Observing System - 06/2013 Satellite data monitoring Data monitoring – automated warnings

10. Slide 10 ECMWF Training Course - The Global Observing System - 06/2013 Global Observing System is essential to weather forecasting Technology driven….a more integrated approach now? Mass is well observed. Moisture – satellite observations are data rich but poorly exploited. Radar and lidar will become more important. Dynamics – even wind observations are scarce. Composition – NWP techniques have been successfully extended to environmental analysis and prediction but more observations are needed. Surface – DA for surface fields is being attempted.

11. Slide 11 ECMWF Training Course - The Global Observing System - 06/2013 User requirements http://www.wmo-sat.info/db/ Vision for the GOS in 2025 adopted June 2009 GOS user guide WMO-No. 488 (2007) Manual of the GOS WMO- No. 544 (2003) (Update of satellite section being prepared for ET-SAT Geneva April 2012)

12. Slide 12 ECMWF Training Course - The Global Observing System - 06/2013 Sun-Synchronous Polar Satellites InstrumentEarly morning orbit Morning orbitAfternoon orbit High spectral resolution IR sounder IASIAqua AIRS NPP CrIS Microwave T sounder F16, 17 SSMISMetop AMSU-A FY3A MWTS DMSP F18 SSMIS Meteor-M N1 MTVZA NOAA-15, 18, 19 AMSU-A Aqua AMSU-A FY3B MWTS, NPP ATMS Microwave Q sounder + imagers F16, 17 SSMISMetop MHS DMSP F18 SSMIS FY3A MWHS NOAA-18, 19 MHS FY3B MWHS, NPP ATMS Broadband IR sounder Metop HIRS FY3A IRAS NOAA-19 HIRS FY3B IRAS IR ImagersMetop AVHRR Meteor-M N1 MSU-MR Aqua+Terra MODIS NOAA-15, 16, 18, 19 AVHRR Composition (ozone etc). NOAA-17 SBUVNOAA-18, 19 SBUV ENVISAT GOMOS AURA OMI, MLS ENVISAT SCIAMACHY GOSAT

13. Slide 13 ECMWF Training Course - The Global Observing System - 06/2013 InstrumentHigh inclination (> 60°)Low inclination (<60°) Radio occultation GRAS, GRACE-A, COSMIC, TerraSarX C-NOFS, (SAC-C), ROSA MW ImagersTRMM TMI Meghatropics SAFIRE MADRAS Radar AltimeterENVISAT RA JASON Cryosat Sun-Synchronous Polar Satellites (2) InstrumentEarly morning orbit Morning orbitAfternoon orbit ScatterometerMetop ASCAT Coriolis Windsat Oceansat OSCAT RadarCloudSat LidarCalipso Visible reflectance Parasol L-band imagery SMOS SAC-D/Aquarius Non Sun-Synchronous Observations

14. Slide 14 ECMWF Training Course - The Global Observing System - 06/2013 ProductStatus SEVIRI Clear sky radianceAssimilated SEVIRI All sky radianceBeing tested for overcast radiances, and cloud-free radiances in the ASR dataset SEVIRI total column ozoneMonitored SEVIRI AMVsIR, Vis, WV-cloudy AMVs assimilated GOESAMVs MTSATAMVs Data sources: Geostationary Satellites