1. Turkey

2. Appointment Arrange appointments by mail well in advance Be punctual Many languages are spoken in business dealings Business & Banking hours: 9-noon; 2-5 Friday is not a holiday. Business appointment rarely made in summer months.

3. No business on Turkish holidays November 10 is a holiday to commemorate the founder of modern Turkey, Kernal Ataturk.  Ramazen (Ramadan) observation ‘ Ramazen Kafasi ’— Ramadan irritability; Ramadan head Kubran Bayram

4. Topics of Conversation Welcome topics: -personal, hobbies and interests -professions -non-controversial international affairs -Always ask a Turkish father about his family; few subjects give a Turk more pride than his sons. Topics to avoid: -taking sides in any Turkish political questions -taking sides on the Turkish-Greek dispute over Cyprus.

5. First Name or Title The most respectful way of addressing someone: occupational title only “ Doctor ” or “ Attorney ” with women: Attorney Bayen (Avukat Bayan) The traditional way: first name + Bey (men) Hanim (women) The modern way: Bay + last name (men) Bayen (women) Czengiz Dagci (a male novelist) Nezihe Merie (a female author)

6. Business Dress Conservative Formal dress required for attending the balls held during New Years and the Turkish national holiday Dress code for visiting a mosque -modest -shoe-off -women: covering heads, shoulders and arms

7. Gift Giving Bring a gift when invited for dinner Further gifts are advisable if invited for extended stay Be sure to bring gifts for children No alcohol and depictions of the human body to Orthodox Islam

8. Gift Giving — cont ’ d Wine or liquor if appropriate Candy Pastries Roses Carnations Glassware

9. Public Behavior Shake hands firmly A two-handed handshake and a kiss on both cheeks among close friend Elders are respected in Turkey Tobacco is everywhere. Keep both feet flat on the ground when sitting. It ’ s impolite for women to cross their legs while facing another person.