1. Alexander the Great

2. I.Macedonia—kingdom located north of Greece

3. 1. King Philip II—359 B.C., formed Macedonians into formidable army, attacked and defeated Greece

4. 2.Alexander the Great—336 B.C., after his father’s death, Alexander proclaimed himself king of Macedonia

5. A. Conquered Persian Empire and much of Eastern Asia with any army that was at war for 11 years and marched 11,000 miles

8. The Battle of Alexander at Issus

9. Detail of The Battle of Alexander at Issus

10. B. He died one year after his return to Macedonia from a fever just short of his 33 rd birthday

11. C. Alexander spread Greek culture to all the regions he conquered despite having their own unique culture.

12. II. Hellenistic Culture: Greek culture mixed with Egyptian, Persian and Indian influences

15. 1. Alexandria—the city located at the western side of the Nile delta was the center of Hellenistic culture

16. 2. Alexandria was at the crossroads of three continents: 1. Europe 1. Europe 2. Asia 2. Asia 3. Africa 3. Africa

17. 2. It was an international city with a rich mixture of cultures, customs and traditions

18. 3. Alexandria contained statues, palaces, lighthouses, museums, libraries and temples

19. III.Science and Technology– until the 16 th and 17 th centuries, Alexandria provided most of the scientific know- ledge available to the west

20. 1.Astronomy—Alexandria contained a small observatory in which astronomers could study the planets and stars

21. 2. Math and Physics: A. Euclid—mathematician who opened a school in Alexandria and whose works are still the basis for courses in geometry

22. B.Archimedes—estimated the value of π (pi) and invented the lever and the pulley

23. 3. Philosophy and Art: A. Stoicism—founded by Zeno (335-263 B.C.) -believed a divine power controlled the universe

24. -believed people should lead a virtuous life and avoid desire, power and wealth -believed people should lead a virtuous life and avoid desire, power and wealth

25. B.Epicureans—founded by Epicurus -claimed the universe was made up of atoms and ruled by gods who had no interest in humans

26. -Goal-pursue human pleasure -Goal-pursue human pleasure

27. By 150 B.C., the Hellenistic world was declining and a new city, Rome, was growing and gaining strength.

28. Your review packet must include the following: *Vocabulary Sheet *Athens vs. Sparta Chart *Contributions Mind-Map