1. Chapter 8

2. A glacier is a large moving mass of ice.

3. Valley Glacier:
A glacier that forms in high mountainous areas.

4. Crevasses:
Deep cracks in the surface of the ice.

5. Continental Glaciers:
Glaciers that cover broad continent sized areas.

6. Cirques:
Deep depressions in the land surface carved out by glaciers.

7. Moraines:
Ridges consisting of till deposited by glaciers.

8. Outwash Plains:
Leading edge of glaciers where meltwater streams flow and deposit outwash.

9. Drumlins:
Glaciers that move over older moraines and form new landforms.

10. Eskers:
Long winding ridges of layered sediments that are deposited by streams.

11. Glacial Lakes:
A natural impoundment of melt water at the front of a glacier.

12. Kettle Holes:
Depression in ice after ice blocks melt.

13. Arete:
A sharp, narrow mountain ridge. It often results from the erosive activity of alpine glaciers flowing in adjacent valleys.

14. Mass Movement
Downslope movement of Earth’s materials, due to gravity, that can occur suddenly or very slowly depending on the weight of the materials.

15. Creep
Slow, steady downhill, movement of loose weathered Earth materials, especially soil, causing objects on a slope to tilt.

16. Mudflow
Rapidly flowing often destructive mixture of mud and water that may be triggered by an earthquake intense rainstorm or violence eruption.

17. Landslide
Rapid downslope movement of a mass of loose soil, or debris that has separated from bedrock; can be triggered by an earthquake.

18. Slump
Mass movement that occurs when Earth materials in a landslide rotate and slide along curved surface, leaving a crescent shaped scar on a slope.

19. Avalanche
Landslide that occurs in a mountainous area when snow falls in an icy crest, becomes heavy and slips off and slides swiftly down the mountain side.

20. Rock Falls
Rocks Falls commonly occur at high elevations, in steep road cuts, and on rocky shorelines.

21. Deflation
The lowering of the land surface that results from the wind removal of surface particles is called deflation.

22. Abrasion
Another process of erosion, called abrasion, occurs when particles such as sand rub against the surface of rocks or other materials.

23. Ventifact
Rocked shaped by windblown sediments
Formed by abrasion

24. Dune
Pile of windblown sand that develops overtime whose shape depends on sand availability wind velocity and direction and amount of vegetation presents

25. Loess
Thick wind blown fertile deposit of silt that contains high levels of nutrients and minerals

26. suspension
State in which small particles such as silt or sand are held up and carried by wind over long distances

27. saltation
Another method of wind transport causes a bouncing motion of particles

28. Leeward:
The direction downwind from the point of reference.

29. Windward:
The direction upwind from the point of reference.