1. Erosion and Deposition
Erosion – is the process by which weathered rock and soil particles are moved from one place to another.
Deposition – Sediments are laid down in a new location.

2. Five Factors of Erosion
Gravity
Wind
Running Water
Glaciers
Waves

3. Gravity
Mass Wasting- the downhill movement of sediments caused by gravity.
Landslides
Mudflows

4. Slump
A block of Rock or soil moves down a steep slope with its upper surface tilted backwards as it falls

5. Slow Mass Wasting
Earth Flows and Soil creep are two examples of slow mass wasting

6. Wind Erosion
Deflation – Wind removes loose materials such as sand, silt and clay
Abrasion – Sand Blasting

7. Features formed by Wind Erosion
Dunes – Wind blown sand is deposited near rock and bushes in desert areas
Loess – Very fertile, light in color, many meters thick consisting of sand and silt

8. How can you curtail wind erosion?
Bushes, trees and fences act like barriers to block the wind

9. Major Cause of Erosion
Running Water – Water turns into runoff as it travels, picking up weathered rock particles and making small grooves in the ground known as Rills. As the Erosional process continues, the grooves become larger and are now called “Gullies.”

10. Factors that affect Runoff
Amount of rainfall
Plant Growth
Shape of the Land

11. Life Cycle of a River Immature River – Early stages of development
Mature River – In development for thousands of years

12. Life Cycle of a River
Meandering – A river begins to curve and wind due to erosional forces

13. Oxbow Lake
Large “U” shaped bends forming small lakes

14. As a river leaves a mountain and runs
out onto a flat plain its speed decreases and its sediments are spread out in a fan like shape called an Alluvial Fan

15. Delta - large amounts of sediments deposited
at the mouth of a river that flow into a
lake or ocean

16. Rivers overflow their banks after
heavy periods of rain or thaw
And leave fine sediment deposits

17. Levees are formed from larger
particles that settle of the sides
of rivers

18. Glacial Ice erodes away
rock as it moves by abrasion
and plucking away at the
rock beneath it

19. Rocks and soil that are
deposited by the glacier are
called “Till”

20. After a Glacier melts and retreats,
it leaves behind till, which forms
a ridge called a “Moraine”

21. An oval shaped mound of Till
is called a “Drumlin”

22. Melt water deposits are left by a
Valley Glacier stops moving

23. Out wash Plains are fan
shaped and formed In front of
a Terminal Moraine

24. As a Iceberg melts it leaves
its deposits on the Ocean Floor

25. Kettle Lakes (Great Lakes)
form in two ways:
Glacial Till deposits form in river
channels causing water to form
lakes
Blocks of ice melt away leaving
sediments behind and a
depression forms after the
ice melts