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Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company

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0 Chapter 5 & 6: Hair and Fiber
“For three days after death, hair and fingernails continue to grow but phone calls taper off.” —Johnny Carson Comedian and television host

1 Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company

2 Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company
Hair - a thin filament produced by mammals from a hair follicle Made of protein called keratin (makes fingernails too) Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company

3 Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company
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4 Hair is class – biological - circumstantial evidence unless
DNA is recovered making it _________________________ evidence Individual – biological - circumstantial

5 HAIR IS MORPHOLOGICALLY LIKE A PENCIL
Medulla Cortex Cuticle Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company

6 The Medulla . medulla = hair core (not always visible) .

7 . The Medulla . medulla = hair core (not always visible) . .

8 . The Medulla . . .

9 Same hair under microscope
Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company

10 Every hair (animal/human) has a cuticle and cortex.
The medulla is the “WILD CARD”. It can be: absent / present continuous / fragmented thick / thin square / circles

11 Human medulla identified
Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company

12 Medullary Index human hair width has generally less than 1/3 medulla.
animal hair width is generally greater than 1/3 medulla. mouse 12

13 Hair Shaft Cuticle— outside scales cOrtex— pigment (a color speck)
ovoid body (big color speck) contains air pockets (why hair floats) Medulla— although it’s black, it doesn’t contribute to hair color NO PIGMENT

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The Cuticle The cuticle (scales) differ between species of animals and are named based on their appearance. The three basic patterns are: Coronal Spinous Imbricate Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company

15 cuticle healthy

16 Scale cast of Human Hair
Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company

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Hair Growth (3 parts) Anagen—hair that is actively growing Catagen—hair is resting Telogen—hair that is dying and ready to fall out Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company

18 Anagen catagen telegen
CLEAR CELLS ATTATCHED TO ROOT INDICATE THE HAIR WAS FORCIBLY REMOVED Anagen catagen telegen Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company

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CROSS SECTION OF HAIR Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company

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Hair as class evidence Color Length Distribution, shape and color intensity of pigment granules Dyed hair has color in cuticle and cortex Bleaching removes pigment and gives a yellow tint Scale types Presence or absence of medulla Medullary type Medullary pattern Medullary index Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company

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DNA from Hair Only the root contains DNA. hair ripped out has more root attached The hair shaft contains abundant mitochondrial DNA (inherited ONLY from mom). Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company

23 Collection of Hair Hair is best retrieved at crime scene by gloved hand (not tweezers) Questioned hairs must be accompanied by an adequate number of control samples. from victim from possible suspects from others who may have deposited hair at the scene Control Sample 50 full-length hairs from all areas of scalp 24 full-length pubic hairs

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Hair Toxicology Advantages: Easy to collect and store Is externally available Can provide information on the individual’s history of drug use or of poisoning. Collections must be taken from different locations on the body to get an accurate timeline. Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company

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Hair Toxicology Napoleon died in exile in By analyzing his hair, some investigators suggest he was poisoned by the deliberate administration of arsenic; others suggest that it was vapors from the dyes in the wallpaper that did him in. Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company

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More about Hair For additional information about hair and other trace evidence, check out Court TV’s Crime Library at: Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company

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A lab on hair analysis In order to visualize the scales: paint clear fingernail polish on a glass slide when the polish begins to dry, place a hair on the polish when almost dry, lift off the hair and observe the scale imprints What pattern is seen in this slide? Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company

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Demodicidae Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company

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The Cortex The cortex gives the hair its shape. It has two major characteristics: Melanin—pigment granules that give hair its color Cortical fusi—air spaces, usually found near the root but may be found throughout the hair shaft Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company

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Different hair Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company

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Split End of Human Hair Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company

32 Students will be able to:
Hair Analysis Students will be able to: Describe the structure of a hair Explain the difference between human and animal hair Explain which characteristics of hair are important for forensic analysis Assess the probative value of hair samples Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company

33 Hair Analysis hair is biological class evidence
hair can be used to back up circumstantial evidence hair easily holds substances absorbs (from within body) adsorbs (rests on outside) substances

34 Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company
Introduction hair most frequently found pieces of evidence at the scene of a violent crime. can provide a link between the criminal and the crime. From hair one can determine: If the source is human or animal Race (sometimes) Origin of the location on the source’s body Whether the hair was forcibly removed If the hair has been treated with chemicals If drugs have been ingested Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company

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Hair from skin Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company

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Hair Shape Can be straight, curly or kinky depending on the cross-section, which may be round, oval or crescent-shaped Crescent moon (Kinky) Round (Straight) Oval (Curly) Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company 36

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The Root Human roots look different based on whether they have been forcibly removed or if they are telogen hairs and have fallen out. Animal roots will vary, but in general have a spear shape. Fallen out Forcibly removed Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company

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