1. Ch 4.1 Where do folk and popular cultures originate and diffuse?
Culture: A group’s entire collection of social customs, artifacts, values, etc.
Material Culture: the physical objects produced by a culture in order to meet its group’s material needs: food, clothing, shelter, arts, and recreation.
Custom: repetitive act of a group: so that it becomes characteristic of the “group” (food, clothing, shelter, arts, recreation/leisure, housing, sports, festivals, music, medicine)
Habit: repetitive act or characteristic of an individual

2. Ch 4.1 Where do folk and popular cultures originate and diffuse?
Is learned, not biological
Passed down from one generation to the next through traditions and imitation
Provides a framework of social norms/rules for individuals in the society to live by
Dynamic – culture is always changing
Cultural regions (political, religious, etc.)
Cultural realms (groups of regions that share common cultural complexes and landscapes)

3. Ch 4.1 Where do folk and popular cultures originate and diffuse?
Cultural realms

4. Ch 4.1 Where do folk and popular cultures originate and diffuse?
Two aspects geographers are interested in regarding culture
A group’s entire collection of social customs, artifacts, values, etc.
Need to add second point (see intro of CH 4)

5. Ch 4.1 Where do folk and popular cultures originate and diffuse?
Folk Music
Derived from daily life events (life-cycle)
Anonymous composer
Passed down as oral tradition
Familiar to most everyone in the group
Tells a story
Unique instruments
Examples: Vietnamese folk songs about farming, nursery rhymes…

6. Ch 4.1 Where do folk and popular cultures originate and diffuse?
Popular Music
Product of MDCs
Written by individuals to be sold for $$$
High degree of technical skill
Originated from Vaudeville (Tin Pan Alley in NYC ca. 1900)
Diffusion of popular music started after WWII for soldiers fighting over seas (expansion diffusion)

7. Ch 4.1 Where do folk and popular cultures originate and diffuse?
Hip Hop
began as folk
began in S. Bronx in the late 1970s by low-income, black and Puerto Ricans, adopted by local rappers in Queens, Brooklyn and Harlem
Became popular and diffused to other large cities like Oakland and Atlanta

8. Ch 4.1 Where do folk and popular cultures originate and diffuse?
Amish
Migrated from Switzerland in 1600s
Live in isolated rural communities in Pennsylvania
Have retained their traditions (limited use of high tech conveniences)

9. Ch 4.1 Where do folk and popular cultures originate and diffuse?
Soccer
Originated in England in 1600s
Became recreation activity for factory workers in 1800s
More people played it when people had more time for play
1863- standardized rules marks the transition from folk to popular culture
Now it’s a global phenomenon

10. Ch 4.1 Where do folk and popular cultures originate and diffuse?
Characteristics of Popular Sports
Spectators will pay to watch!

11. Ch 4.1 Where do folk and popular cultures originate and diffuse?
Folk become Popular Sports

12. Ch 4.1 Where do folk and popular cultures originate and diffuse?
What about these Sports?

13. Ch 4.1 Where do folk and popular cultures originate and diffuse?
Origin of FOLK CULTURE
Anonymous origin
Isolation (lack of interaction with other groups) causes it to be unique
Provides an identity to a particular (homogeneous) group
Derived from and influenced by the environment
Diffusion of FOLK CULTURE
Diffusions slowly, usually through migration from a hearth – particular location (relocation diffusion)
Clustered communities (varies from place to place)

14. Ch 4.1 Where do folk and popular cultures originate and diffuse?
Origin of POPULAR CULTURE
Known origin
Large heterogeneous society that share certain habits despite differences in personal characteristics
DOES NOT provide identity to a particular group
Tends to modify and threaten folk culture & environment
Diffusion of POPULAR CULTURE
Diffusions rapidly, both relocation and expansion, helped by global connections via internet & technology
Trends & fads -varies from time to time, like “80s” style