1. Looking for Bad Guys....

2. Scanning
Definition:
Scanning is very high-speed reading for a specific piece of information – an answer to a question, a name, a fact, a number, etc.
How to scan:
When you scan, you have a question in mind. You do not read every word, only key words that will answer your question. Practice in scanning will help you learn to skip over unimportant words so that you can read faster.

3. Example
Dear Joan,
I’m sorry not to have written sooner. I have been very busy since I back from vacation. There has been so to do at work lately! Almost every I have to stay late. I’ve even going in to the office on Saturdays,
I’ve had no time to relax at either. Every free moment has been taken by work on the house. The roof in very bad condition after the big If I’d known how busy I’d be work. I might have waited.
Anyway, it’s finished now. So at last I can you to come over some weekend with family. We could all take a walk Mount Grey.
Judy sends her love. We to see you all soon.
Love,
George

4. Questions 1. Why has George not written sooner?
He’s not written sooner because
2. What has he been doing in his free time?
In his free time, he
3. What does George suggest to Joan?
He suggests to Joan that
What are the missing words? Guess and write only one word in
each blank.

5. Answer Key: Scanning Answer: near downtown Tampa
Keywords: Ybor, capital letters
Lines: 50-52
Answer: 2001
Keywords: numbers, 2001, Super Bowl
Lines: 2
Answer: a football-related exhibition
Keywords: capital letters, NFL Experience
Lines: 18
Answer: a society where authorities spy on people
Keywords: quotation marks, capital letter, society
Lines: 33-34

6. Word level: Step 1 Different meaning from the others some data
involving
Undertaking
inside
Justifiably
modifies

7. Word level: meaning
data (n.) = information usually in the form of facts or statistics
device (count n.) = an object made for a particular purpose
equipment (non-count n.) = things needed for a particular purpose
machine (count n.) = a piece of equipment for a particular purpose

8. Word level: meaning involve (v.) = concern; affect
watch (v.) = check or look at carefully
monitor (v.) = check carefully
guard (v.) = watch carefully

9. Word level: meaning
undertake (v.) = start doing a job with responsibility
anticipate (v.) = expect what will happen
predict (v.) = say what will happen
foresee (v.) = believe what will happen

10. Word level: meaning
justifiably (adv.) = acceptably because of having a good reason
consequently (adv.) = having as a result of something
therefore (adv.) = happening as a result of something
as a result (adv.) = so; therefore; consequently

11. Word level: meaning
modify (v.) = change slightly often for improvement
analyze / analyse (v.) = examine something in order to understand it or find out what it consists of
examine (v.) = consider something carefully
inspect (v.) = examine something carefully

12. Sentence level: words It involved scanning faces in a large crowd.
It might be there because of that person’s involvement in a crime.
Places where the security of people or their possessions are involved.
Because it involves measuring part of a living person.
It was modified to directly involve the Tampa police database with images recorded by surveillance cameras.

13. Sentence level: words
1. Critics justifiably question the accuracy of face-recognition technology.
2. The consequence of one study on FR tech was that its findings created controversy within the security industry.
3. People setting up FR systems can’t anticipate changes in a person’s face.
4. The software is continually being modified, but it is still confused by image changes.

14. Sentence level: words
5. As a consequence of long experience recognizing faces, humans are not confused by even large changes in appearance.
6. As we really justified in spending a lot of money on FR systems when humans are available to do the job better.
7. Most technicians say that creating FR systems does not make sense when they anticipate the problems that might be involved in the process.

15. Sentence level: words
8. It is important to consider the consequences that a person’s emotions or physical state might have on his or her reliability on an FR task.
9. Although automatic FR systems are controversial, they are still more reliable than people, so modifications should continue to be made to them so that they can be used better.

16. Questions to be answered
Whose pictures were taken at the Super Bowl in Tampa, Florida?
What was used for taking these photos?
On what purpose are the pictures taken at a big sporting event?
What advantage does the tiny camera have?
What happens after the photos of a huge fan taken?
What was the NFL Experience?

17. Questions to be answered
7. What benefit if the fan’s picture matched with the one in the database?
8. Do all people accept being taken pictured without asking for a permission? If not, why?
9. What is considered by some people about the FR technology?
10. What will happen when the FR technology does on an innocent person?
11. Why does the “Big Brother” society cause anger to many people?

18. Questions to be answered
12. Who sees the FR technology a good system?
13. What reaction do security officials have on people who act against the FR system?
14. What makes a difference about the “biometric” technology?
15. What does the “biometric” system undertake?
16. Are the face-recognition and the biometric systems alike? If not, how?

19. Questions to be answered
17. Where are the biometric cameras installed?
18. What advantage does the biometric system have on the police?
19. What improvement happened to the FR system at Tampa?
20. Who analyzed the incident the FR system took?
21. Who identified the incident the biometric system took?

20. Questions to be answered
22. What is seen by supporters of the biometric system?
23. What is said by opponents of the biometric system?
24. Who are best at remembering individuals in the opponents’ eyes?

21. The Weather Goes to Court

22. Words to know
witness (n.) = someone who appears in court to say what they know about a crime
testified (v.) = made a statement in a court of law
defendant (n.) = a person who is accused of a crime
confess (v.) = admit that you have committed a crime
jacked (v.) = put up

23. Words to know overhear (v.) = hear what someone is saying
prosecutor (n.) = a lawyer or official who brings charges against someone or tries to prove in a trial that they are guilty
defense attorney (n.) = a lawyer who tries to protect someone in a court of law
turn (n.) = a chance to do something after other people have done it
strategy (n.) = a plan

24. Words to know
jury (n.) = a group of people in a court of law who listen to the facts about a crime and decide whether the person accused is guilty or not
meteorologist (n.) = a weather expert
stated (v.) = said
visibility (n.) = how far and how clearly you can see in particular weather conditions
previous (adj.) = that occurred before

25. Words to know exhibits (v.) = shows; demonstrates
meteorology (n.) = the study of the Earth’s atmosphere that causes weather conditions
forensic (adj.) = scientifically examined to discover information about a crime
disputes (n.) = disagreements
anthropology (n.) = the study of people, society, and culture
zoology (n.) = the study of animals

26. Words to know contribute (v.) = be one of the causes
rather than = what is not done
forecast (n.) = prediction (ตรงข้าม backcast)
backcasts (n.) = thought about things in the past or attempt to remember them
phenomena (n.) = happenings
precipitation (n.) = moisture from the air that falls to the ground, e.g. rain or snow
available (adj.) = obtainable

27. Words to know inhabited place (v.) = a living place
inauguration (n.) = an admission to office
orient (v.) = learn and prepare to deal with something
circumstances (n.) = conditions
interpreting (v.) = deciding what it means or is significant
scattered (v.) = spread all over the area
coherent (adj.) = clear and easy to understand; unified; integrated

28. Words to know section (n.) = part; area flattened (v.) = made flatter
hail (n.) = tiny balls of ice that fall from the sky
blames (v.) = says that something or someone is responsible for something
disputes (v.) = disagrees or denies
core (n. ) = a central or most important part
argument (n.) = dispute

29. Words to know claim (n.) = a demand for something
prospect (n.) = a possibility; an expectation; a hope of success
sophisticated (adj.) = elaborate; advanced
updrafts (n.) = the wind that moves bottom- up
interval (n.) = a period of time
character (n.) = characteristics; qualities
evidence (n.) = proof; indication

30. Words to know
judge (n.) = the person in a court of law who decides how the law should be applied
reinforced (v.) = strengthened; made stronger
burst (n.) = outbreak; explosion
eventually (adv.) = finally
rules (v.) = gives an official decision about something
precise (adj.) = correct and exact

31. Words to know affordable (adj.) = able to pay for it
entrepreneur (n.) = a person who sets up businesses
ensures (v.) = makes sure / certain
license (v.) = give official permission to do something
route (n.) = a way
certified (v.) = declared formally that it is true
credential (n.) = testimonial (หนังสือรับรอง)
demonstrated (v.) = shown; exhibited

32. Word level: Step 1 A different meaning from the other threes
1. extremes
2. routes
3. strategy
4. orient
5. reinforce
6. engaging
7. indicate
8. energized

33. Word level: meaning extremes (n.) = great intense
events (n.) = happenings
phenomena (n.) = happenings
happenings (n.) = events; phenomena
routes (n.) = ways; paths
cores (n.) = samples (n.) = specimens

34. Word level: meaning strategy (n.) = a plan of action
period (n.) = interval (n.) = time (n.)
orient (v.) = learn and prepare to deal with something
exhibit (v.) = display (v.) = show (v.)

35. Word level: meaning engaging (adj.) = attractive; charming
unified (adj.) = joined or fit together
coherent (adj.) = joined or fit together
integrated (adj.) = linked or joined together
indicate (v.) = show
reinforce (v.) = confirm (v.) = strengthen (v.)

36. Word level: meaning reinforce (v.) = strengthen; confirm
assist (v.) = aid (v.) = help (v.)
energized (v.) = gave energy or power
ensured (v.) = guaranteed (v.) = made it certain

37. Sentence level: words (D)
1. The witness said she saw the defendant gesturing energetically.
2. The witness probably did not hear the defendant because the sound energy would not have reached her ears.
3. The farmer decided to take the insurance company to court because their denial of his claim energized him to take some action.

38. Sentence level: words
4. Hail damages to the hood of a car but not the tires because the energy from the falling hail is directed from above, not from the sides.
5. Any energetic entrepreneur can become a forensic meteorologist.
6. In order to be certified, a meteorologist should understand the energy of different weather phenomena.

39. Word form chart (E)
1. The coherence between lightning and the emission of high-energy gamma rays will be the result of all the separate pieces of data.
2. The high-energy phenomena in space causes emissions of gamma rays.
3. That gamma rays that exhibited signs of originating near Earth’s surface was special about the gamma rays found in 1994.

40. Word form chart (E)
4. Duke got the money and resources to pursue their research with the assistance of the National Science Foundation.
5. The scientists are examining thunderclouds by looking at different sections of thunderclouds.
6. Scientists wouldn’t be able to find TGFs (terrestrial gamma-ray flashes) in Canada because they depend on atmospheric phenomena found only in the tropics.